Review Article
Epidemiological Characteristics of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI) in the Middle-East and North-Africa (MENA) Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mohamed H. Elshahidi; Nada Y. Monir; Mohamed A. Elzhery; Ahmed A. Sharaqi; Hames Haedaya; Basem I. Awad; Khaled Zaghloul

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 75-89

Abstract
  Objective: To systematically search the literature and to summarize current evidence pertaining to the epidemiology of SCI in the MENA region incidence, gender, age, type of the injury and etiology of the injury.Methods: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost were systematically searched ...  Read More

Review Article
Effectiveness of Interventions for Prevention of Road Traffic Injuries in Iran and Some Methodological Issues: A Systematic Review

Saber Azami-Aghdash; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazarghani; Mahdiyeh Heydari; Ramin Rezapour; Naser Derakhshani

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 90-99

Abstract
  Objective: To review the effectiveness of Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) interventions implemented for prevention of RTIs in Iran and to introduce some methodological issues.Methods: Required data in this systematic review study were collected through searching the following key words: "Road Traffic Injuries", ...  Read More

Original Article
A Randomized Controlled Trial on Intra-Abdominal Irrigation during Emergency Trauma Laparotomy; Time for Yet Another Paradigm Shift

Hassan Mashbari; Mohannad Hemdi; Kevin L. Chow; James C. Doherty; Gary J. Merlotti; Steven L. Salzman; Eduardo Smith Singares

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 100-107

Abstract
  Objective: To determine the optimal volume of abdominal irrigation that will prevent surgical site infections (both deep and superficial), eviscerations and fistula formations; and improve 30-day mortality in trauma patients.Methods: We conducted a three-arm parallel clinical superiority randomized controlled ...  Read More

Original Article
Local Xenotransplantation of Bone Marrow Derived Mast Cells (BMMCs) Improves Functional Recovery of Transected Sciatic Nerve in Cat: A Novel Approach in Cell Therapy

Rahim Mohammadi; Dana Anousheh; Mohammad-Hazhir Alaei; Amin Nikpasand; Hawdam Rostami; Rasoul Shahrooz

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 108-114

Abstract
  Objective: To determine the effects of bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMCs) on functional recovery of transected sciatic nerve in animal model of cat.Method: A 20-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a silicone nerve guide filled with BMMCs in BMMC group. In Sham-surgery group (SHAM), the sciatic ...  Read More

Original Article
Pre-Treatment with Metformin in Comparison with Post-Treatment Reduces Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Induced Injuries in Rats

Mojtaba Karimipour; Sara Shojaei Zarghani; Majid Mohajer Milani; Hamid Soraya

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 115-121

Abstract
  Objective: To explore the effects of pre versus post ischemic treatment with metformin after global cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods: Male Wister rats underwent forebrain ischemia by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 17 min. Metformin (200 mg/kg) or vehicle was given orally by gavage for ...  Read More

Original Article
Acute Appendicitis during Pregnancy; Results of a Cohort Study in a Single Iranian Center

Somaye Bazdar; Maryam Dehghankhalili; Shekoofeh Yaghmaei; Maryam Azadegan; Amirhossein Pourdavood; Mohammad Hadi Niakan; Ali Mohammad Bananzadeh

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 122-127

Abstract
  Objective: To determine the effects of pregnancy on the presentation, management, surgical and obstetrics outcome of patients with acute appendicitis.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted during a 2-year period from 2014 to 2016 in Shahid Faghihi hospital of Shiraz University of Medical ...  Read More

Original Article
Diagnosis of Appendicitis in Patients with a Normal White Blood Cell Count; A Cross-Sectional Study

Sadettin Er; Bülent Çomçalı; Ahmet Soykurt; Bülent Cavit Yüksel; Mesut Tez

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 128-132

Abstract
  Objective: To investigate the clinical, imaging and laboratory findings for diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) in patients with a normal white blood cell count (WBCC).Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, during ...  Read More

Original Article
Risk Factors for Unfavorable Outcome in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Revisited; Odds and Ends

Abdolkarim Rahmanian; Nima Derakhshan; Alireza Mohsenian Sisakht; Najme Karamzade Ziarati; Hadi Raeisi Shahraki; Soheil Motamed

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 133-140

Abstract
  Objectives: To evaluate the odds for unfavorable outcome of each risk factor and a combination of them in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) undergoing surgical clipping in Southern IranMethods: A total of 367 patients who were operated between March 2007 and March 2016 due to aneurysmal ...  Read More

Original Article
The Efficacy of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II for Predicting Hospital Mortality of ICU Patients with Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

Amir Nik; Mohammad Sobhan Sheikh Andalibi; Mohammad Reza Ehsaei; Ahmadreza Zarifian; Ehsan Ghayour Karimiani; Gholamreza Bahadoorkhan

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 141-145

Abstract
  Objective: To compare the efficacy and functional outcome of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score with that of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Score II (APACHE II) in patients with multiple trauma admitted to the ICU.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 125 patients with traumatic brain ...  Read More

Original Article
Epidemiology of Road Traffic Injury Fatalities among Car Users; A Study Based on Forensic Medicine Data in East Azerbaijan of Iran

Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Bahram Samadirad; Nasrin Shahedifar; Mina Golestani

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 146-154

Abstract
  Objective: To study the epidemiology of car user road traffic fatalities (CURTFs) during eight years, in East Azerbaijan, Iran.Methods: A total of 3051 CURTFs registered in East Azerbaijan forensic medicine organization database, Iran, during 2006-2014, were analyzed using Stata 13 statistical software ...  Read More

Original Article
Characteristics of Occupational Injuries in a Pharmaceutical Company in Iran

Abbas Rasouli; Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini; Mohammad Karim Bahadori; Ramin Ravangard

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 155-161

Abstract
  Objective: To prioritize occupational hazards in a Pharmaceutical Company in Iran using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP).Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a Pharmaceutical Company in Iran in 2017. All employees working in the administrative, production, installations and facilities, ...  Read More

Original Article
A Questionnaire Study on the Attitudes and Previous Experience of Croatian Family Physicians toward their Preparedness for Disaster Management

Tanja Pekez-Pavlisko; Maja Racic; Drinka Jurišić

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 162-168

Abstract
  Objective: To explore family physicians’ attitudes, previous experience and self-assessed preparedness to respond or to assist in mass casualty incidents in Croatia.Methods: The cross-sectional survey was carried out during January 2017. Study participants were recruited through a Facebook group ...  Read More

Case Report
Avulsion of Ampulla of Vater Secondary to a Blunt Abdominal Injury Treated with Pancreatoduodenectomy; A Case Report and Literature Review

Mustafa Ozsoy; Ogun Ersen; Zehra Ozsoy; Sezgin Yilmaz; Yüksel Arıkan

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 169-173

Abstract
  The incidence of complex hepatobiliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal injuries varies between 3.4 and 5%. A 25-year old male patient underwent an urgent operation due to a motorcycle accident. During intraabdominal exploration, Grade 4 laceration was detected at the liver and bleeding was controlled ...  Read More

Case Report
Delayed Progressive Intraparenchymal Tension Pneumocephalus after Craniotomy for Recurrent Pituitary Macroadenoma: A Case Report

Samer S. Hoz; Khatab Baban; Mohamad Sabah; Awfa Aktham; Alexis Rafael Narvaez-Rojas; Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 174-177

Abstract
  Pneumocephalus is defined as the presence of air in the intracranial cavity. In most cases, its evolution is asymptomatic and benign. Pneumocephalus post-surgery is a frequent complication of cranial surgery. We herein report delayed tension pneumocephalus after craniotomy for pituitary macroadenoma. ...  Read More

Case Report
An Unforeseeable Complication; Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy after Penetrating Injury to the Heart

Joseph J. Eid; Brian C. Cronin; Susan Seman

Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, Pages 178-180

Abstract
  Trauma surgeons are currently encountering unusual adverse events after traumatic injuries. Ischemic optic neuropathy is a rare complication that may occur in trauma and burn patients that present in extremis and require massive resuscitation. A 29-year-old male patient sustains a penetrating injury ...  Read More