Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Maryam Dehghankhalili; Mostafa Shahrezaei
Volume 1, Issue 3 , July 2013, , Pages 99-101
Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Ali Razmkon; Hosseinali Khalili
Volume 2, Issue 3 , July 2014, , Pages 101-102
Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh; Rita Rezaee; Mahmoudreza Peyravi
Volume 9, Issue 3 , July 2021, , Pages 105-117
Abstract
Objective: To determine the instructional programs required by volunteers based on the studies carried out worldwide. Methods: A systematic search was carried out by PubMed, Cochran Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases between January 1970 and the end ...
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Objective: To determine the instructional programs required by volunteers based on the studies carried out worldwide. Methods: A systematic search was carried out by PubMed, Cochran Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases between January 1970 and the end of June 2019. The articles were selected based on the keywords chosen by the author. In the end, the volunteer’s instructional titles were extracted from the articles in disasters. Results: Eleven articles were chosen for final analysis after studying the titles, abstracts, and complete articles texts which 45 instructional titles were extracted. The most frequent scales in terms of repetition were ethics, kinds of exercises, personal protection instruments, general hygiene, awareness of certain disasters, accident command system, disaster triage and emergency planning. Conclusion: Governments should offer programs that can best serve the improvement of their performance by considering the daily increasing growth in the number of volunteers and in natural and manmade disasters. Universities and schools play determinant roles in this regard. It is hoped that the present study findings can be effective in codify an efficient instructional program for elevating the performance of the volunteers by taking part in disasters response.
Amir Khorram-Manesh
Volume 3, Issue 4 , October 2015, , Pages 115-117
Giovanni Grasso; Iype Cherian
Volume 4, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 119-120
Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Mohammad Reza Saki; Nazanin Dadashpour; Zahra Ghahramani; Shahram Paydar
Volume 8, Issue 3 , July 2020, , Pages 133-134
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 [1, 2] and was rapidly spread all over the world, being announced as a pandemic on March 11th, 2020 by the World Health Organization ...
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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 [1, 2] and was rapidly spread all over the world, being announced as a pandemic on March 11th, 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO) [3]. Approaching the mid of August, approximately 20 million people are infected worldwide and 720,000 have died due to the infection and its complications [4]. The virus causes respiratory infection and involves both the upper and lower respiratory tract as well as the gastrointestinal tract, hepatic, neurologic and renal systems [5].
Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Ali Razmkon; Maryam Dehghankhalili
Volume 1, Issue 4 , October 2013, , Pages 135-136
Syed Tajuddin Syed Hassan; Husna Jamaludin; Latiffah Abdul Latiff; Rosna Abdul Raman; Wan Fei Khaw
Volume 2, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 139-140
Shahram Paydar; Mohammad Yasin Karami; Hosseinali Khalili; Maryam Dehghankhalili; Golnar Sabetian; Fariborz Ghaffarpasand
Volume 5, Issue 3 , July 2017, , Pages 141-142
Afshin Goodarzi; Mahnaz Khatiban; Alireza Abdi; Khodayar Oshvandi
Volume 10, Issue 4 , October 2022, , Pages 141-156
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between outcomes and demographic-clinical variables in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).Methods: The Medline database was searched along with Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Persian language database without time limitation until January ...
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Objective: To investigate the relationship between outcomes and demographic-clinical variables in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).Methods: The Medline database was searched along with Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Persian language database without time limitation until January 6th, 2020. The inclusion criteria included papers published in journals or presented in English and Persian congress that reported the IHCA outcomes based on the Utstein criterion. All the descriptive, cross-sectional, and cohort studies on CPR were covered based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary checks covered titles and abstracts followed by a full-text check of the remaining papers from the first screening stage. Data analysis was done using comprehensive metaanalysis (CMA) software version 2.0. The finding’s heterogeneity was checked using Q and Cochran tests with heterogeneity >50% and the random-effects model was used to estimate survival and favorable neurological outcome (FNO) in the analysis. To detect the publication bias of studies, the subgroup test, meta-regression test,sensitivity analysis test, funnel plot, and Eagger’s regression test were used.Results: Survival to discharge was 19.1% (95% CI=16.8-21.7) and FNO in the survived to discharge cases was 68.1% (95% CI=55.8-78.3). Survival to discharge and FNO were notably higher in men, CPR duration <15min, and shockable dysrhythmias.Conclusion: IHCA outcomes are poor in developing countries. The outcomes of IHCA in terms of gender were inconsistent with the result reported by other meta-analyses.
Vahid Alipour; Saber Azami-Aghdash; Aziz Rezapour; Naser Derakhshani; Akbar Ghiasi; Neghar Yusefzadeh; Sanaz Taghizade; Sahar Amuzadeh
Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2021, , Pages 159-168
Abstract
Objective: To review the cost-effectiveness of multifactorial interventions preventing falls in elderly people. Methods: In this systematic review, the databases including PubMed via MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar (from 1st January 2000 to 30th February) ...
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Objective: To review the cost-effectiveness of multifactorial interventions preventing falls in elderly people. Methods: In this systematic review, the databases including PubMed via MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar (from 1st January 2000 to 30th February) were used. All prereviewed articles related to cost-effectiveness analysis of multifactorial interventions to prevent falls in elderly were included in this paper and congresses abstracts were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data and content-analysis method to analyze qualitative data. Results: Out of the 456 articles, 19 were finally included in the study. Eighteen articles were conducted in High-Income Countries (HICs) and 16 were at the community level. Medical visits consultation and education were the most common interventions. Most studies were cost-effectiveness and using the Randomized Control Trial (RCT) methods. A fall of prevention costs ranged from $ 272 to $ 987. Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) interventions also ranged from the US $ 120,667 to the US $ 4280.9. Conclusion: The results show that despite the high effectiveness of multifactorial interventions to prevent elderly falls, the cost of the interventions are high and they are not very cost-effective. It would be better to design and implement multifactorial interventions with low cost and high effectiveness that are appropriate for each country
Zahra Jalilian; Fathola Mohamadian; Yousef Veisani; Sasan Ahmadi
Volume 11, Issue 4 , October 2023, , Pages 167-172
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the death trend and years of life lost (YLL) caused by social harmin Ilam province.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ilam province from 2009 to 2019. To estimate YLL, alldeaths caused by suicide, homicide, and addiction were included in the ...
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the death trend and years of life lost (YLL) caused by social harmin Ilam province.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ilam province from 2009 to 2019. To estimate YLL, alldeaths caused by suicide, homicide, and addiction were included in the study. The data were collected from theForensic Medicine Organization. The analysis was carried out using SPSS software (version 23.0). A p-valueof <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Between 2009 and 2019, there were 1712 occurrences of suicide, homicide, and addiction, whichresulted in a total of 62,605 years of lost life (53,934 per 100,000 people). The highest frequency was relatedto the age group of 15-29 years, while the lowest was related to the age group of 0-14 years (p<0.001). Duringthe studied period, men were more likely than women to commit suicide, homicide, and addiction in Ilam(p>0.439). Between 2009 and 2019, the number of suicides and homicides in Ilam province started a decreasingtrend for both sexes, while the number of deaths caused by addiction was increasing.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the age groups of 15-29 years had the highest rate ofYLL is caused by suicide, homicide, and addiction for both sexes. Furthermore, the findings showed that YLLdecreased for suicide and homicide, but increased for addiction.
Amir Azarhomayoun; Maryam Aghasi; Najmeh Mousavi; Farhad Shokraneh; Alexander R. Vaccaro; Arvin Haj Mirzaian; Pegah Derakhshan; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
Volume 6, Issue 3 , July 2018, , Pages 181-194
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the summation of mortality rate and the contributing factors in patients with traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries (TLSCI).Methods: A systematic search of observational studies that evaluated the mortality associated with TLSCI in MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted. The study ...
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Objective: To estimate the summation of mortality rate and the contributing factors in patients with traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries (TLSCI).Methods: A systematic search of observational studies that evaluated the mortality associated with TLSCI in MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted. The study quality was evaluated using a modified quality assessment tool previously designed for observational studies.Results: Twenty-four observational studies involving 11,205 patients were included, published between January 1, 1997, and February 6, 2016. Ten studies were of high quality, thirteen were of moderate quality, and one study was of low quality. Seventeen reports described risk factors for mortality and eleven of these studies used a multiple regression models to adjust for confounders.The reported mortality rate ranged from 0 to 37.7% overall and between 0 and 10.4% in-hospital. The sum of mortality for in-hospital, 6-month, and 12-month were 5.2%, 26.12%, 4.3%, respectively. The mortality at 7.7 years follow-up was 10.07% and for 14 years follow-up reports ranged from 13.47% to 21.46%. Associated data such as age at injury, male to female ratio, pre-existing comorbidities, concomitant injuries, duration of follow-up, and cause of death have been underreported in studies investigating the mortality rate after TLSCI.Conclusion: Currently no study has accurately assessed mortality in the thoracolumbar spine, while there is general agreement that traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries are important.
Amir Khorram-Manesh
Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, , Pages 183-185
Mehrdad Amir Behghadami; Ali Janati; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Masoumeh Gholizadeh; Farzad Rahmani; Morteza Arab-Zozani
Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2019, , Pages 201-211
Abstract
Objectives: To identify prevalent domains related to the concept of assessing preparedness of non-hospital centers to provide primary emergency care in order to develop a comprehensive framework.Methods: Five databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, Barakat Knowledge Network Systems (BKNS) ...
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Objectives: To identify prevalent domains related to the concept of assessing preparedness of non-hospital centers to provide primary emergency care in order to develop a comprehensive framework.Methods: Five databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, Barakat Knowledge Network Systems (BKNS) and Scientific Information Database (SID) were searched in English and/or Persian languages with no time limit until March, 2018. Manual search and grey literature were also done. According to the eligibility criteria, all the studies were independently tracked by two researchers. Studies were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The findings were synthesized through directed content analysis method.Results: Out of 3014 studies, 15 studies were included for data synthesis. The synthesis of literature resulted in the emergence of 13 domains and 25 sub-domains. Then, they were categorized based on Donabedian’s triple model and a conceptual framework was developed. In this framework, 6 domains were put in input, 6 in processes, and 1 domain in outcome. Of the 15 included studies, 1 study considered 10 domains and 14 other studies considered 4 to 8 domains out of 13 synthesized domains. The most prevalent synthesized domains were “medical supplies and equipment” and “human resources”, which were considered in 15 studies.Conclusion: In this study, a conceptual framework was constructed that identifies elements that significantly affect the preparedness of these centers. This framework may assist managers to take a comprehensive approach to assess these centers.
Mina Saeednejad; Farideh Sadeghian; Mahsa Fayaz; Dennis Raphael; Rasha Atlasi; Amirmasoud Kazemzadeh Houjaghan; Raziyeh Abedi kichi; Mohammad Hossein Asgardoon; Hossein Zabihi Mahmoudabadi; Zahra Salamati; Zohrehsadat Naji; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Payman Salamati
Volume 8, Issue 4 , October 2020, , Pages 211-217
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to review systematically the association of social determinants of health (SDH) and road traffic deaths (RTD) within scientific literature. Methods: A search strategy was designed and run in EMBASE, PubMed via MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. Through title, ...
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Objective: This study aims to review systematically the association of social determinants of health (SDH) and road traffic deaths (RTD) within scientific literature. Methods: A search strategy was designed and run in EMBASE, PubMed via MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. Through title, abstract, and full-text screening, all English original papers (except ecological studies) which studied social determinants of health and fatal injuries were included. Papers which studied association between RTD and the education, income, rural settlement, and marital status were evaluated and the related data was extracted from the full-texts. Results: Eleven articles out of 7,897 primary results were selected to be included in the study. Among eight papers studied education, seven confirmed a negative association between years of schooling and RTD. Two out of three articles reported no association between income leveland RTD. Among three papers studied rural settlement, two approved a positive relationship between this determinant and RTD. Both articles studied marital status, confirmed an association between this determinant and RTD. Conclusion: A few papers studied association of social determinants of health (SDH) and RTD. There was an inverse relationship between education and RTD. The evidence for such an association between income, rural settlement, and marital state was scarce. Further investigations are recommended through original research.
Bradley J. Phillips; Lauren M. Turco
Volume 5, Issue 4 , October 2017, , Pages 221-230
Abstract
Le Fort fractures constitute a pattern of complex facial injury that occurs secondary to blunt facial trauma. The most common mechanisms of injury for these fractures, which are frequently associated with drug and alcohol use, include motor vehicle collisions, assault, and falls. A thorough search ...
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Le Fort fractures constitute a pattern of complex facial injury that occurs secondary to blunt facial trauma. The most common mechanisms of injury for these fractures, which are frequently associated with drug and alcohol use, include motor vehicle collisions, assault, and falls. A thorough search of the world’s literature following PRISMA guidelines was conducted through PubMed and EBSCO databases. Search terms included “Le Fort fracture”, “facial”, “craniofacial”, and “intracranial.” Articles were selected based on relevance and examined regarding etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and outcomes in adults. The analyzed studies were published between 1980 and 2016. Initial data search yielded 186 results. The search was narrowed to exclude articles lacking in specificity for Le Fort fractures. Fifty-one articles were selected, the majority of which were large case studies, and collectively reported that Le Fort fractures are most commonly due to high-velocity MVC and that the severity of fracture type sustained occurred with increasing frequency. It was also found that there is a general lack of published Level I, Level II, and Level III studies regarding Le Fort fracture management, surgical management, and outcomes. The limitation of this study, similar to all PRISMA-guided review articles, is the dependence on previously published research and availability of references as outlined in our methodology. While mortality rates for Le Fort fractures are low, these complex injuries seldom occur in isolation and are associated with other severe injuries to the head and neck. Quick and accurate diagnosis of Le Fort fractures and associated injuries is crucial to the successful management of blunt head trauma.
Shahram Paydar; Zahra Ghahramani; Shahram Bolandparvaz; Hossein Abdolrahimzadeh; Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi; Mohammad Javad Moradian; Hamid Reza Abbasi
Volume 6, Issue 4 , October 2018, , Pages 269-270
Mohammed Biset Ayalew; Henok Getachew Tegegn; Ousman Abdela
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2019, , Pages 339-346
Abstract
Objective: To derive findings from different studies done on drug related hospital admissions and comprehensively express the incidence and preventability of drug related hospital admissions; identify the common types of drug related problems that caused hospital admission, and identify factors associated ...
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Objective: To derive findings from different studies done on drug related hospital admissions and comprehensively express the incidence and preventability of drug related hospital admissions; identify the common types of drug related problems that caused hospital admission, and identify factors associated with drug related hospital admission. Methods: Literatures that assessed hospitalization due to drug related problems were searched online using Pub Med and Google Scholar databases. The relevant reference lists of retrieved articles were also searched manually on Google. Prospective and retrospective studies conducted anywhere in the world on drug related hospitalization, published from January 2012 to January 2017 as an original article and written in English language were included. Result: The prevalence of drug related hospital admission varies from 1.3% to 41.3% with the average rate of 15.4%. Among hospitalized patients 2.7% were died due to drug-related problems (DRPs). Drugs that were frequently reported as causing drug related admission were antithrombotic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, analgesics, anti-diabetics, antipsychotics, and anti-neoplastic drugs. Poly pharmacy, old age and female sex were mentioned as determinants for drug related hospitalization by a number of studies. About one third of drug related hospital admissions were definitely preventable and more than 40% were also potentially preventable. Conclusion: Drug related problems contribute for more than 15% of hospital admissions. Higher risk of admission due to DRPs was observed in patients who were on poly pharmacy and those who were old. As most of drug related hospital admissions were preventable an emphasis should be given for preventive strategies to avoid complications and costs associated with admission.
Syed Tajuddin Syed Hassan; Husna Jamaludin; Rosna Abdul Raman; Latiffah A. Latiff; Haliza Mohd Riji
Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2013, , Pages 3-4
Hernando Raphael Alvis-Miranda; Sandra Milena Castellar-Leones; Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar
Volume 2, Issue 1 , January 2014, , Pages 3-14
Abstract
The patient with head trauma is a challenge for the emergency physician and for the neurosurgeon. Currently traumatic brain injury constitutes a public health problem. Knowledge of the various supportive therapeutic strategies in the pre-hospital and pre-operative stages is essential for optimal care. ...
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The patient with head trauma is a challenge for the emergency physician and for the neurosurgeon. Currently traumatic brain injury constitutes a public health problem. Knowledge of the various supportive therapeutic strategies in the pre-hospital and pre-operative stages is essential for optimal care. The immediate rapid infusion of large volumes of crystalloids to restore blood volume and blood pressure is now the standard treatment of patients with combined traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hemorrhagic shock (HS). The fluid in patients with brain trauma and especially in patients with brain injur y is a critical issue. In this context we present a review of the literature about the history, physiology of current fluid preparations, and a discussion regarding the use of fluid therapy in traumatic brain injury and decompressive craniectomy.
Ali Razmkon
Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 4-5
Mukesh Meena; Karmbeer Singh; Sanjay Meena; Chetan Kumbhare; Dushyant Chouhan
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2020, , Pages 4-9
Abstract
Objective: To find out which surgical approach, optimize the functional outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.Methods: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies, which were included if they were retrospective or prospective in design, ...
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Objective: To find out which surgical approach, optimize the functional outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.Methods: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies, which were included if they were retrospective or prospective in design, involved participants who had terrible triad of elbow (TTIE) that compared lateral approach (LA) with combined lateral and anteromedial approach (CML), and were published in English. Outcomes of interest were functional outcomes, complications, and operative time.Results: Four studies, involving 470 patients were included in the systematic review. Mean follow up after surgery was typically 24 to 30 months. We found significant more range of motion (ROM) of elbow in CML as compared to LA group (MD: -14.21, 95% CI: -21.13 to-7.29, p <0.00001). There was significant more forearm rotation in CML as compared to LA group (MD: -18.88, 95% CI: -32.35 to -5.40, p <0.00001). Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) was significantly more in CML (MD: -3.31, 95% CI: -7.23 to 0.62, p=0.00001). Blood loss, operative time, VAS and complications were more in CML group; however, the difference was not significant. The heterogeneity of the study and synthesizing retrospective data were the primary limitations.Conclusion: Our analysis demonstrated that combined lateral and medial approach had significantly more elbow ROM and forearm rotation. The combined approach also had significantly more MEPS. However, using combined approach significantly increased the operative time.
Ali Goli; Najmeh Ansarizade; Omid Barati; Zahra Kavosi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , January 2015, , Pages 8-15
Abstract
Objectives: To locate the road emergency stations in Fars province based on using spatial multi-criteria decision making (Delphi method). Methods: In this study, the criteria affecting the location of road emergency stations have been identified through Delphi method and their importance ...
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Objectives: To locate the road emergency stations in Fars province based on using spatial multi-criteria decision making (Delphi method). Methods: In this study, the criteria affecting the location of road emergency stations have been identified through Delphi method and their importance was determined using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). With regard to the importance of the criteria and by using Geographical Information System (GIS), the appropriateness of the existing stations with the criteria and the way of their distribution has been explored, and the appropriate arenas for creating new emergency stations were determined. In order to investigate the spatial distribution pattern of the stations, Moran’s Index was used. Results: The accidents (0.318), placement position (0.235), time (0.198), roads (0.160), and population (0.079) were introduced as the main criteria in location road emergency stations. The findings showed that the distribution of the existing stations was clustering (Moran’s I=.3). Three priorities were introduced for establishing new stations. Some arenas including Abade, north of Eghlid and Khoram bid, and small parts of Shiraz, Farashband, Bavanat, and Kazeroon were suggested as the first priority. Conclusion: GIS is a useful and applicable tool in investigating spatial distribution and geographical accessibility to the setting that provide health care, including emergency stations.
Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar; Andres M. Rubiano; Hernando Raphael Alvis-Miranda; Willem Calderon-Miranda; Gabriel Alcala-Cerra; Marco Antonio Blancas Rivera; Amit Agrawal
Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 8-23
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death in developed countries. It is estimated that only in the United States about 100,000 people die annually in parallel among the survivors there is a significant number of people with disabilities with significant costs for the health system. It has been ...
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Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death in developed countries. It is estimated that only in the United States about 100,000 people die annually in parallel among the survivors there is a significant number of people with disabilities with significant costs for the health system. It has been determined that after moderate and severe traumatic injury, brain parenchyma is affected by more than 55% of cases. Head trauma management is critical is the emergency services worldwide. We present a review of the literature regarding the prehospital care, surgical management and intensive care monitoring of the patients with severe cranioecephalic trauma.
