Original Article
Zoya Hadinejad; Mehrdad Farrokhi; Shokoufeh Ahmadi; Mohammad Saatchi; Hamidreza Khankeh
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 April 2025
Abstract
Objective : This qualitative study aimed to identify the key challenges of managing patients affected by biological emergencies in Iran.Methods: This is a part of the Grounded Theory study using the constant comparative analysis method recommended by Corbin 2014 . Data was gathered through semi-structured ...
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Objective : This qualitative study aimed to identify the key challenges of managing patients affected by biological emergencies in Iran.Methods: This is a part of the Grounded Theory study using the constant comparative analysis method recommended by Corbin 2014 . Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with 25 individuals who had expertise or experience in managing biological emergencies. Purposive following by theoretical sampling was employed based on theoretical saturation. Data collection occurred between April and November 2023, MAXQDA software (2020) was used to help with the analysis .Results: After several rounds of data analysis and summarization, considering similarities and differences, four main categories and 14 subcategories were extracted from the data. The main categories were grouped into 1) lack of a comprehensive risk communication plan, 2) mismanagement of patient flow, 3) political and governance challenges, and 4) inadequate resource management.Conclusion : This study highlighted Iran’s Health care systems' challenges in managing affected people in biological emergencies. Key issues included mismanagement of patient flow. Addressing these challenges is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of Iran’s Health care system. Further investigation is recommended to provide practical Strategies in dealing with biological emergencies in the future.
Original Article
maryam zamani; mahnaz yadollahi; farshid farbodan; shahram bolandparvaz
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 May 2025
Abstract
Objectives: Road traffic injuries caused by motorcycle crashes are a major public health burden, resulting in high mortality, functional disability, and considerable medical expenditure. Helmets are critical safety equipment for motorcyclists. This study aimed to identify factors influencing helmet usage ...
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Objectives: Road traffic injuries caused by motorcycle crashes are a major public health burden, resulting in high mortality, functional disability, and considerable medical expenditure. Helmets are critical safety equipment for motorcyclists. This study aimed to identify factors influencing helmet usage behavior among motorcyclists.Methods: A cross-sectional study of injured motorcyclists was conducted at Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz. Participants were enrolled in the study using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected through a structured medical form, and logistic regression with the "Backward" technique was applied to identify risk factors associated with helmet use.Results: A total of 147 patients were examined, including 139 un-helmeted (94.55%) and 8 helmeted (5.45%) motorcyclists. The mean age of helmeted riders was 41.46 ± 17.44 years, while for un-helmeted riders, it was 29.21 ± 12.23 years. After balancing data, Key predictors of helmet use included riding before noon (OR=10.164, 95% CI [4.543, 22.738]), crashes in urban areas (OR=21.740, 95% CI [5.535, 85.383]), not having an injury in head and neck (OR=4.549, 95% CI [2.075, 9.970]), not having an injury in the face areas (OR=5.108, 95% CI [1.587, 8.694]). Conclusion: These findings can be useful for policymakers to understand the actual conditions of helmet usage behavior and increase helmet usage rates. Additionally, they can inform policy-level decision-making on reducing traffic crashes. By addressing physical problems associated with helmets and improving community members' knowledge about the advantages of helmet use, it is possible to decrease trauma resulting from motorcycle injuries significantly.Keywords: Helmet, Motorcycles, Accidents, Traffic, SMOTE
Original Article
Samira Foji; Marjan Hamidnezhad; Mozhgan Ansari; Tahura Afshari Saleh
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 May 2025
Abstract
objective: Traumatic head injuries are an essential public health problem. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of TRISS and MHIPS in assessing the prognosis of head trauma patients in the emergency department.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study (Predictive), 140 head trauma ...
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objective: Traumatic head injuries are an essential public health problem. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of TRISS and MHIPS in assessing the prognosis of head trauma patients in the emergency department.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study (Predictive), 140 head trauma patients referred to the emergency department of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran, were included in 2023(January to November) under the inclusion criteria and based on a convenient sampling method.The study utilized a demographic information questionnaire, the TRISS, and the MHIPS scale. The collected data were analyzed using Stata 17 software.Results: The mean age of the injured was 39.72±19.86 years, and 102 (73%) were male. The MHPIS tool had a sensitivity of 92%, a specificity of 86%, a PPV 60%, and a NPV 98% in the hospitalization of a patient in the Intensive Care Unit. Additionally, the MHPIS tool had a sensitivity 89%, specificity 86%, PPV 27%, and NPV 99% in predicting death. The results of the TRISS tool in the patient's hospitalization in the ICU had a sensitivity 81%, a specificity 96%, PPV 81%, and NPV 95%, which had a sensitivity 75%, a specificity of 87%, PPV 26% and a NPV 98% in the death of patients. TRISS and MHIPS tools did not significantly differ in predicting the probability of hospitalization in ICU and death (p value=0. 797).Conclusion: Both TRISS and MHIPS demonstrated satisfactory predictive value for the outcomes of head trauma patients,neither tool was superior to the other.
Original Article
Siamak Rimaz; Vahideh Abdi; Cyrus Emir Alavi; Sanaz Masoumi; Mahsa Sadeghi; Mohammadreza Mobayen; Parissa Bagheri
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 May 2025
Abstract
Objective: Burn injuries are a significant public health concern, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality rates. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is crucial in managing critically ill patients with extensive burns. This study aimed to determine the survival rate of burn patients under mechanical ...
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Objective: Burn injuries are a significant public health concern, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality rates. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is crucial in managing critically ill patients with extensive burns. This study aimed to determine the survival rate of burn patients under mechanical ventilation and identify the risk factors related to it. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Velayat Hospital, affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences, between March 21, 2011, and September 21, 2020. Data were retrieved from electronic hospital records and analyzed using SPSS version 28. Results: The mean age of survivors was 19.03±30.21 years, contrasting with 42.54±19.30 years in the deceased group. Among survivors, 30 were male (78.9%), while in the deceased group, 155 were male (64.9%). The average survival time in the intensive care unit was 18.33±1.36 days, with a median survival of 12±1.24 days. Significant differences were observed in age, length of stay, comorbidity, inhalation injury, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and acute kidney injury (AKI) between survivor and non-survivor groups (P<0.05). The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated a significant difference in survival probability between MV and non-MV groups (P=0.028), with higher survival probability observed in non-MV patients.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that factors such as age, length of stay, renal failure, ARDS, and sepsis are associated with increased mortality risk in mechanically ventilated burn patients. While these associations provide critical insights into potential risk factors, they should not be interpreted as causal relationships. Future research should explore these associations through interventional or longitudinal studies to establish causality and refine treatment strategies.
Letter to the Editor
mohammad farhadi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 May 2025
Abstract
I commend the authors for their insightful manuscript "Effect of a Boswellia and Ginger Mixture on the Memory Dysfunction of the Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial(1)This study examines whether a combination of Boswellia (360 mg) and ginger (36 mg) taken ...
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I commend the authors for their insightful manuscript "Effect of a Boswellia and Ginger Mixture on the Memory Dysfunction of the Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial(1)This study examines whether a combination of Boswellia (360 mg) and ginger (36 mg) taken three times per day (marketed as “Memoral”) can improve memory deficits in patients who have sustained a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). One hundred patients were randomized (1:1) into either the intervention or placebo groups. All participants had subjective complaints of memory dysfunction post-injury. Memory performance was assessed at baseline (about one-week post-discharge), after one month (when the intervention was complete), and after three months, using the Persian version of the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (AVLT).Overall, this trial contributes valuable preliminary evidence that combining Boswellia and ginger may help hasten or strengthen recovery from memory dysfunction after mild TBI, at least over three months. The authors implemented a robust RCT methodology and demonstrated statistically significant improvements in several memory metrics (Total Learning, Retroactive Interference, Forgetting Rate, Net Positive Score) with no notable adverse effects.However, replication in larger, multi-center cohorts (emphasizing longer follow-up, formal adherence checks, and additional potential confounders) is needed as with many single-center trials. Future investigations measuring inflammatory and oxidative markers would also help clarify the mechanism of action. Despite these limitations, the study’s design and results suggest that the Boswellia–ginger mixture holds promise as an adjunct therapy for post-mTBI memory dysfunction.
Original Article
Marzeyeh Soleymani Nejad; Fatemeh Estebsari; Mahmoud Abbasi; marzieh Latifi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 31 May 2025
Abstract
Background: This study aims to identify the factors influencing pedestrians' preventive behaviors concerning road traffic safety among students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), using the HBM as a framework.Method: A total of 337 students from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical ...
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Background: This study aims to identify the factors influencing pedestrians' preventive behaviors concerning road traffic safety among students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), using the HBM as a framework.Method: A total of 337 students from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) were selected in 2022 using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected through a 45-item questionnaire based on HBM constructs: Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, Perceived Barriers, Cues to Action, and Behavior. The questionnaire was distributed electronically via SBMU's social media channels. SPSS18 software was used for data analysis, with a significance threshold set at p < 0.05.Results: The mean age of the participants was 26.68 ± 2.8 years. The most significant influencing factor was family (94.3%) followed by social media. Perceived susceptibility had the highest mean score among HBM constructs. An increase of one point in perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and cues to action scores led to a significant increase in the likelihood of adherence to safe pedestrian behavior (0.06, p = 0.04; 0.121, p < 0.001; 0.219, p = 0.003, respectively). Conversely, an increase in perceived barriers significantly decreased adherence to safe pedestrian behavior (p<0.001).Conclusion: Family and social media play a crucial role in shaping students’ perceptions of road traffic safety. Enhancing perceived susceptibility and benefits, as well as providing effective cues to action, can significantly promote students’ engagement in preventive behaviors.
Original Article
nima faghirpour; Enayatollah Homaie Rad; Leila kouchakinejad; Zahra Mohtasham Amiri
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 08 June 2025
Abstract
AbstractAim: The study aimed to explore the experiences of experts regarding the factors contributing to elderly-related accidents in Guilan, Iran.Background: The growing elderly population and increasing accident rates highlight the failure to identify and prevent factors contributing to accidents among ...
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AbstractAim: The study aimed to explore the experiences of experts regarding the factors contributing to elderly-related accidents in Guilan, Iran.Background: The growing elderly population and increasing accident rates highlight the failure to identify and prevent factors contributing to accidents among the elderly. Utilizing the experiences of local traffic experts and specialists can be instrumental in identifying the risk factors for accidents among the elderly.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis with an inductive approach in 2024. A total of 14 experts from Guilan, Iran, were purposefully selected. Data were collected through individual face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions, developed during an expert panel discussion. All stages of data analysis were performed manually following the Graneheim and Lundman approach.Results: Three main categories, ten subcategories, and thirty key codes were identified. The "Individual Factors" category consists of five subcategories namely, Decline in physical abilities, Psychological factors, Traffic literacy, Cultural attitudes, and Individual needs. The "Environmental factors" category had two subcategories: Road and Traffic Infrastructure and Weather Conditions. The category of "Policy-Making" consists of three subcategories: Transportation Safety, healthcare system, and public education. Conclusion: To reduce damages from elderly-related accidents, preventive measures should focus on improving health, traffic education, and addressing specific behavioral and cultural errors. Additionally, enhancing infrastructure, developing advanced vehicles for older adults, and tailoring policy-making can significantly mitigate accident risks among the elderly.
