Ali Noorafshan; Sina Kardeh; Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani; Mohammadreza Namazi; Ehsan Saleh
Volume 2, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 161-165
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effects of topical administration of 20% oltipraz solution on histomorphometrical and stereological aspects of skin tissue in full thickness skin wounds in laboratory rats.Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar portion rats (220±20 g) were randomly divided into three groups (n=12). ...
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Objective: To determine the effects of topical administration of 20% oltipraz solution on histomorphometrical and stereological aspects of skin tissue in full thickness skin wounds in laboratory rats.Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar portion rats (220±20 g) were randomly divided into three groups (n=12). On the first day of experimentation, a 1-cm2 circular wound was made on the posterior surface of neck in all rats by removing a full thickness skin piece immediately after induction of anesthesia with ether inhalation. One group was treated with vehicle solution (DMSO alone). The second group was treated daily with 20% oltipraz solution, and the third group, the control group, received no treatment. The wound closure rate was estimated our previously described method. The volume density of collagen bundles, vessels, and hair follicles, the vessels’ length density, mean diameter of vessels and also fibroblast population were estimated by using stereological methods.Results: The oltipraz group indicated a significantly higher improvement (6.26% of the wound surface per day) than control and the vehicle treated groups (p=0.032); furthermore, there was inconsiderable difference between the rate of wound closure in the group treated with vehicle (4.93% per day) and the control group (4.43% per day).Conclusion: Oltipraz has positive influence on fibroblast proliferation and re-epithelization. A noticeable observation in our study was absence of scar formation in wounds which were treated by oltipraz and can be mentioned as an advantage of this drug.
Ali Akbary; Seyed Taghi Heydari; Yaser Sarikhani; Mehrdad Vossoughi; Reza Tabrizi; Maryam Akbari; Najmeh Movahhedian; Arash Mani; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Tahereh Ostovar; Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Volume 8, Issue 3 , July 2020, , Pages 163-168
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) score and driving behaviors among motorcycle drivers in Iran. Methods: This multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 1747 motorcyclists in three cities of Iran. We used a random sampling method ...
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Objective: To investigate the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) score and driving behaviors among motorcycle drivers in Iran. Methods: This multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 1747 motorcyclists in three cities of Iran. We used a random sampling method in this study and gathered data using two standard questionnaires. Data were presented using descriptive statistics, also t-test, and ANOVA used for analysis. Results: The mean age of participants was 27.41±8.80 years. ADHD scores of the participants ranged from 0 to 87, with a mean score 31±15.86. All risky driving behaviors (RDBs) were significantly associated with a higher mean of ADHD score. For example, driving with illegal speed (p<0.001), not wearing a crash helmet (p=0.016), driving while exhausting (p<0.001), talking with other passengers (p<0.001), being fined by the police in the past year (p=0.028), and maneuvering while driving (p<0.001) were related to a higher mean of ADHD score. Conclusion: All RDBs were significantly associated with the ADHD score among motorcyclists in Iran. In this regard, health care providers should inform people with ADHD about the negative consequences associated with driving and ADHD. Public health policymakers should consider management of ADHD through a comprehensive approach to improve driving performance and competencies among motorcyclists in order to decrease RDBs and traffic accidents.
Reza Safdari; Jaleh Shoshtarian Malak; Niloofar Mohammadzadeh; Azimeh Danesh Shahraki
Volume 5, Issue 3 , July 2017, , Pages 171-178
Abstract
Objective: To demonstrate an architecture to automate the prehospital emergency process to categorize the specialized care according to the situation at the right time for reducing the patient mortality and morbidity.Methods: Prehospital emergency process were analyzed using existing prehospital management ...
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Objective: To demonstrate an architecture to automate the prehospital emergency process to categorize the specialized care according to the situation at the right time for reducing the patient mortality and morbidity.Methods: Prehospital emergency process were analyzed using existing prehospital management systems, frameworks and the extracted process were modeled using sequence diagram in Rational Rose software. System main agents were identified and modeled via component diagram, considering the main system actors and by logically dividing business functionalities, finally the conceptual architecture for prehospital emergency management was proposed. The proposed architecture was simulated using Anylogic simulation software. Anylogic Agent Model, State Chart and Process Model were used to model the system. Results: Multi agent systems (MAS) had a great success in distributed, complex and dynamic problem solving environments, and utilizing autonomous agents provides intelligent decision making capabilities. The proposed architecture presents prehospital management operations. The main identified agents are: EMS Center, Ambulance, Traffic Station, Healthcare Provider, Patient, Consultation Center, National Medical Record System and quality of service monitoring agent.Conclusion: In a critical condition like prehospital emergency we are coping with sophisticated processes like ambulance navigation health care provider and service assignment, consultation, recalling patients past medical history through a centralized EHR system and monitoring healthcare quality in a real-time manner. The main advantage of our work has been the multi agent system utilization. Our Future work will include proposed architecture implementation and evaluation of its impact on patient quality care improvement.
Anthony Ayotounde Olasinde; Kehinde Sunday Oluwadiya
Volume 10, Issue 4 , October 2022, , Pages 189-195
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of crash and associated factors among commercial motorcyclists inOwo, Ondo State, Nigeria.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was collected by using pre-tested structuredquestionnaires administered to commercial motorcyclists. Collected ...
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Objective: To determine the prevalence of crash and associated factors among commercial motorcyclists inOwo, Ondo State, Nigeria.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was collected by using pre-tested structuredquestionnaires administered to commercial motorcyclists. Collected information was socio-demographiccharacteristics of the respondents, riding experience, formal training, possession of valid drivers’ licence,motorcycle ownership status, mobile phone usage, history of crash in the previous one year, riding hours perday, helmet use, carrying more than one passenger, riding against traffic and daily income.Results: The study were enrolled 502 individuals with a mean age of 31.5±8.7. The ratio of men to womenwas 250:1. All respondents who admitted to engage in the study had at least one risky behaviour in the past(95.4% admitted to transporting one passenger more than the legal) and 56.6% admit to a prior history oftraffic offences. The crashes’ predictive factors include respondent age, cell phone use while riding, prior trafficoffences, carrying more than one pillion rider, use of stimulants such as kolanut and bitter kola, alcohol drinkriding, and admission of fault in the prior of crashes.Conclusion: Commercial motorcyclists in Owo, Ondo State Nigeria engaged in risky behaviours that raisedtheir likelihood of being involved in crashes. The objectives of public enlightenment and driver education atthese behaviours could help to reduce the occurrence of crashes among them.
Hosein Abbasi; Ali Dehghani; Ali Akbar Mohammadi; Tayyeb Ghadimi; Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi
Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2021, , Pages 195-200
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of chemical burns among the patients admitted to Shiraz burn treatment centers. Methods: It is a descriptive study that was conducted on 62 patients with chemical burns who were admitted between 2008 and 2018. The patients’ records were used in the research ...
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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of chemical burns among the patients admitted to Shiraz burn treatment centers. Methods: It is a descriptive study that was conducted on 62 patients with chemical burns who were admitted between 2008 and 2018. The patients’ records were used in the research using the census sampling process. A questionnaire with questions about age, sex, the extent of the burn, the cause of the burn, duration of hospital stay, level of education, incident location, and clinical outcome was used to collect data (survival-death). The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. Results: The prevalence of chemical burns was 1% during 2008-2018. Acid and alkali burns were accounted for 93.5% and 6.5% of burns, respectively. 77.4% of patients were male, and 22.6% were female. The mean age of patients was 27 years. The average burn percentage was 16%. 70.6% of patients were illiterate or had primary education. Burns occurred at the workplace and home in 12.9% and 66.1% of cases, respectively. Moreover, Burns occurred due to accident (61%), acid attack (29%), and self-immolation (10%). The average length of hospital stay was 20 days. One patient (1.6%) died from burns. Conclusion: The study’s findings revealed that chemical burns were more common in men than women, and the majority of chemical burns occurred at home. To minimize the occurrence of chemical burns and acid attacks, teaching methods of preventing burns is important at home and work, as well as restricting nonspecialists’ access to chemicals.
Mahmood Vakili; Mohsen Mirzaei; Azar Pirdehghan; Mohamadreza Sadeghian; Majid Jafarizadeh; Mojtaba Alimi; Shadi Naderian; Arezoo Aghakoochak
Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, , Pages 216-222
Abstract
Objectives: To estimate the Disabled-adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of Road Traffic Accidents in patients referred to hospitals in Yazd Province, central Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Yazd province during 2010. To calculate the Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature death ...
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Objectives: To estimate the Disabled-adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of Road Traffic Accidents in patients referred to hospitals in Yazd Province, central Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Yazd province during 2010. To calculate the Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature death and to calculate the incidence of non-fatal injuries and Years Lost due to Disability (YLD), the data were collected from Yazd death registration system and hospital records. The causes of death and nature of non-fatal injuries were classified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). We estimated Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) on the guidelines of the Global Burden of Disease Study (discount rate: 0.03, age weight: 0.04, constant age weight correction factor: 0.165). Age and sex composition was taken from the National Statistical Center for the year 2010.Results: During 2009, 483 deaths were caused by traffic accidents in Yazd Province, 382 (79.09%) of which were males, and 101 (20.91%) were females. The mortality rates for males and females were 70.98 and 20.15 in 100,000, respectively. The years of life lost due to premature deaths were 15.84/1000 in men and 4.75/1,000 in women. Total YLLs caused by traffic accidents were 10,908 years. The injuries caused by traffic accidents were calculated as 15.21 and 3.73/1,000 in males and females, respectively. The total YLDs was calculated 1.51/1,000. The total burden of Road Traffic Injuries in Yazd province was 12478 years (DALYs), 87.41% of which was due to premature death, and 12.59% was related to disability. Also, 78.32% was lost in males. The age specific peak of burden was in 15-29 year.Conclusion: This study showed that traffic accidents in Yazd impose a high burden. It seems that it is one of the health sector priorities. It is recommended to revise laws on use of motorcycles, especially on helmet use for motorcyclists, enforce strict laws in residential areas, and review social determinant affecting the incidence of such accidents.
Peyman Bakhshayesh; Sara Heljesten; Lars Weidenhielm; Anders Enocson
Volume 6, Issue 3 , July 2018, , Pages 221-225
Abstract
Objective: To assess availability, experience, and knowledge about the Pelvic Circumferential Compression Device (PCCD) in Sweden.Methods: A telephone interview with the current on-call trauma doctors at all trauma units in Sweden was conducted. After a short presentation and oral consent, the doctors ...
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Objective: To assess availability, experience, and knowledge about the Pelvic Circumferential Compression Device (PCCD) in Sweden.Methods: A telephone interview with the current on-call trauma doctors at all trauma units in Sweden was conducted. After a short presentation and oral consent, the doctors were asked to answer four short questions. We asked the doctors to answer whether they knew if they had PCCDs available in their emergency room, how many times had they applied a PCCD, which is the correct level of application for a PCCD, and if a PCCD can stop arterial bleeding.Results: The on-call trauma doctors at the nine University hospitals, twenty-two General hospitals and twenty-one District General hospitals, with response rate of 100%, were interviewed. Availability of PCCD was 85 % and there was no difference between hospital types (p=0.546). In all hospitals 29/52 (56%) of those interviewed had used a PCCD at least once. There were significantly more doctors that had used a PCCD at least once in the University hospitals (8/9), compared to General hospitals (13/22) and District General hospitals (8/21) (p=0.034). A total of 43/52 (83 %) doctors defined the greater trochanters as the correct level of application for a PCCD. No difference was found when comparing hospitals (p=0.208). Only 22/52 (42 %) of doctors answered that a PCCD could not stop an arterial bleeding. No difference was found between hospitals (p=0.665)Conclusion: Less than half of the doctors knew that a PCCD cannot stop arterial bleeding, while the majority knew the correct level of application of a PCCD.
Fatemeh Sadat Asgarian; Mahshid Namdari; Hamid Soori
Volume 8, Issue 4 , October 2020, , Pages 243-248
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the existence of anxiety and depression mediating effect on the relationship between PTSD and aggression in the hope of providing more comprehensive and effective trauma treatment in motor vehicle accident. Methods: The studied population of the study consisted of motor ...
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Objective: This study investigated the existence of anxiety and depression mediating effect on the relationship between PTSD and aggression in the hope of providing more comprehensive and effective trauma treatment in motor vehicle accident. Methods: The studied population of the study consisted of motor vehicles with posttraumatic stress disorder in Kashan. Three questionnaires of post-traumatic stress disorder, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) were used for data collection. In order to analyze the mediating effects of anxiety and depression on the relationship between PTSD and aggression, structural equation modeling(SEM) was performed with the maximum likelihoodratio as the method of estimation. Results: Evaluation of the research hypothesis model using fitness indices showed that the hypothetical model fits with the measurement model. NFI=0.96, CFI =0.95, RMSEA=0.06 and the results showed that PTSD had indirect exacerbating effects on aggression. The results also confirmed the mediating role of anxiety and depression in the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and aggression in motor vehicle accident. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that anxiety mediates the relationship between PTSD and aggression. Therefore, this finding can help to prioritize therapeutic goals and determine therapeutic focus for mental health professionals. It is possible to reduce one's aggression by focusing on his anxiety and increasing his/her ability to handle and manage it.
Masoud Hashemi; Payman Dadkhah; Mehrdad Taheri; Mahshid Ghasemi
Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2019, , Pages 245-250
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine in caudal epidural on controlling pain, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and quality of life in patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS).Methods: The study was a single-blind clinical trial. From the total of 70 patients suffering from ...
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Objective: To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine in caudal epidural on controlling pain, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and quality of life in patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS).Methods: The study was a single-blind clinical trial. From the total of 70 patients suffering from low back pain caused by a failed back surgery syndrome were referred to Akhtar and Imam Hossein Hospitals between the ages of 25 to 75 years with a history of back pain more than 12 weeks and a visual analogue scale (VAS) score of higher than 3, and 50 people were randomly selected and divided into two groups of dexmedetomidine and control. The control group received an epidural dose of 10 cc containing triamcinolone and bupivacaine, and the dexmedetomidine group received an epidural dose of 10 cc, containing dexmedetomidine, triamcinolones and bupivacaine with diluted normal saline. Epidural caudal injections were performed in the abdomen in a laid down position. Before starting the study and at the end of the fourth week, the two test groups were measured for visual analogue scale (VAS) and ESR and were asked to complete the quality of life questionnaire.Results: Overall, 50 patients with FBSS were enrolled. The mean age was 53.88 ± 8.9 years (range 25–75); 54% (27/50) were men. The results showed that the injection of dexmedetomidine in epidural caudal was associated with decreased pain (p=0.001) and improved quality of life (p=0.022), while showed no significant effect on ESR (p=0.110).Conclusion: Administration of dexmedetomidine in the epidural caudal is effective in controlling pain and quality of life in patients with failed back surgery syndrome.Clinical Trial Registry: IRCT20181012041316N1
Pradeep Kumar Meena; Sahil Gaba; Sandesh Bobade; Rajendra Verma; Amrut Borade; Jayesh Sonaje; Ankit Chouhan
Volume 5, Issue 4 , October 2017, , Pages 266-272
Abstract
Objective: To compare the short-term functional outcome between resection and reconstruction in Mason Type II and Type III radial head fractures using Broberg and Morrey score.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of SMS Medical College and attached ...
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Objective: To compare the short-term functional outcome between resection and reconstruction in Mason Type II and Type III radial head fractures using Broberg and Morrey score.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of SMS Medical College and attached Hospitals. A total of 29 patients (15 in resection group, 14 in reconstruction group) between the age group of 20-60 years with Mason Type II and Type III fresh closed radial head fractures were included in the study. The functional outcome including the range of motion, extension lag and Broberg Morrey score were determined and compared between two group.Results: The mean age of resection group was 44.5 ± 6.6 years and mean age of reconstruction group was 37.1 ± 6.2 years. The baseline characteristics . At 12-months follow-up, in Mason type II fracture, radial head reconstruction group with mean extension lag of 9.4 ± 4.1 and mean Broberg Morrey score of 94.9 ± 5.1 showed better results compared to radial head resection with mean extension lag of 15.7 ± 4.1 (p=0.022) mean Broberg Morrey score 88.3 ± 5.1 (p=0.045) respectively. In Mason type III fractures, radial head resection with mean supination of 79.4 ± 4.7, mean pronation of 74.4 ± 4.1 and mean Broberg Morrey score 89.8 ± 6 showed better results when compared with radial head reconstruction group with mean supination of 64.2 ± 4 (p<0.001), mean pronation of 59.2 ± 8.4 (p=0.003) and mean Broberg Morrey score 81.9 ± 5 (p=0.031).Conclusion: The procedure suggested in Mason type II, is reconstruction of radial head. In Mason type III due to difficulty in achieving anatomical reduction results were not good with reconstruction when compared with resection. We recommend radial head excision in Mason type III fractures where anatomical and stable fixation is not possible.
Nadeem Ali; Naseer Ahamd Mir; Tahir Ahmad Dar; Mohmad Nawaz Rather; Wajahat Ahmad Mir; Senin Shah; Saheel Maajid
Volume 6, Issue 4 , October 2018, , Pages 306-312
Abstract
Objective: To determine the time to radiological union and final functional outcome of fixation of extra-articular distal humeral fractures with extra-artricular distal humerus locking plate.Methods: This prospective study was conducted from March 2014 to February 2018 and included extra-articular distal ...
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Objective: To determine the time to radiological union and final functional outcome of fixation of extra-articular distal humeral fractures with extra-artricular distal humerus locking plate.Methods: This prospective study was conducted from March 2014 to February 2018 and included extra-articular distal humeral fractures managed by operative fixation using extra-articular distal humerus locking plate. All the fractures were approached using lateral para-tricepetal approach of Gervin, and stabilized with extra-articular distal humerus locking plate with or without lag screws. Time to radiological union was assessed in the follow up and at the final follow up functional outcome was evaluated using Mayo Performance Elbow Score (MEPS). Complications and need for any additional procedures was also recorded.Results: A total of 20 patients with mean age of 36.5 years and an average follow up of 17 months were included. The mean time to radiological union was 17.4 weeks (12 to 36 weeks) which included one delayed union that required bone grafting. The mean flexion at elbow was 127o with only one patient having flexion extension arc movement of less than 100o at the final follow up. The average MEPS at final follow up was 94.7±8 with 19 patients having excellent and good results.Conclusion: Use of extra-articular distal humeral locking plate using lateral para-tricepetal approach in extra-articular distal humeral fractures allows stable fixation of the fracture to allow early return to function with minimal soft tissue dissection and excellent final functional results and minimum complications.
Mahnaz Yadollahi; Saeid Gholamzadeh
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2019, , Pages 373-380
Abstract
Objective: The aim of study was to conduct a time-based analysis to utilize the obtained knowledge for forecasting the trend of accidents in the future. Methods: The present study, which was conducted as a cross-sectional research, investigated deaths from traffic accidents in Fars Province during a ...
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Objective: The aim of study was to conduct a time-based analysis to utilize the obtained knowledge for forecasting the trend of accidents in the future. Methods: The present study, which was conducted as a cross-sectional research, investigated deaths from traffic accidents in Fars Province during a five-year period from 2013 to 2018. The pseudo-regression model of Spline was used to predict the increase in mortality rate by 2021. Results: The forecasted values indicated a decline in deaths from traffic accidents by 2021. A total of 8020 records of accidents leading to death were included in the study. The mean mortality rate from traffic accidents in the province was approximately estimated to be 33.7 per 100,000 populations. More than half of the people who died (52.36%) were in a car, 25.57% were motorcycle riders, and 19.93% were pedestrians. The highest rate of deaths was observed in the age group of 16 to 25 years old (21.5%). The data indicated a reduction in the rate of death among car riders and pedestrians and an increase in the number of deaths among motorcycle riders. The trend of deaths occurred outside the city had been increasing while the trend of deaths occurred inside the city had been decreasing. Conclusion: The present regulations are only able to reduce a small number of deaths each year. In order to achieve a downward trend in mortality with a steeper pace, it is necessary to design and implement more intelligent standards, not merely the stricter ones. This project has been approved by the research ethic committee, as well as, supported with grant number of 97-01-38-17825 by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Shiraz, Iran.
Mahmood Haghighat; Hossein Moravej; Maryam Moatamedi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2013, , Pages 28-33
Abstract
Objective: To determine the epidemiology of acute childhood poisoning in Shiraz, southern Iran.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study, being performed in Nemazee and Dastgheib Hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The study included pediatric patients ...
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Objective: To determine the epidemiology of acute childhood poisoning in Shiraz, southern Iran.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study, being performed in Nemazee and Dastgheib Hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The study included pediatric patients (<18 years) referred to our centers due to acute poisoning. Demographic and etiological factors were prospectively recorded and analyzed.Results: A total of 773 patients with mean age of 3.86 ± 1.5 years were recruited in the study. The most common group which included 352 (45.5%) patients, aged between 8 months and 5 years followed by 330 (42.6%) cases aged from 12-18 years. In majority of cases, poisoning was due to opium in 222 (23.5%) followed by analgesics in 181 (19.1%), which mostly included acetaminophen in 75(7.9%), anti-depressants in 170 (17.9%), anti- hypertensive drugs in 65 (6.8%) and hydrocarbons in 60 (6.3%). There were 260 (33.7%) boys and 513 (66.3%) girls. The poisoning occurred inadvertently in 387 (50.1%) cases while 298 (38.5%) patients committed suicide. Most cases (255 patients; 32.9%) were asymptomatic at presentation.Conclusion: Our study substantiated the following findings: A) Alarmingly, opium is the most common cause of acute childhood poisoning in our area. B) Easy access to toxic material is the most common risk factor for acute childhood poisoning. C) Female predominance of acute childhood poisoning accompanied by high rate of suicidal attempts shows that psychiatric problems, especially depression is most common among young girls.
Marjan Jeddi; Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh; Alireza Kharmandar; Gholamhossein Ranjbar Omrani; Marzieh Bakhshayeshkaram
Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 29-35
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of fractures and associated risk factors in healthy Iranian children and adolescents.Methods: In this cross sectional population based study, 478 healthy Iranian children and adolescents aged 9–18 years old participated. Baseline data and bone mineral content ...
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Objective: To determine the prevalence of fractures and associated risk factors in healthy Iranian children and adolescents.Methods: In this cross sectional population based study, 478 healthy Iranian children and adolescents aged 9–18 years old participated. Baseline data and bone mineral content and density have been determined. One questionnaire was completed for all individuals including previous history of fracture, its location, and level of trauma. Albumin, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and vitamin D levels were measured.Results: We found a prevalence of 12.9% for fracture. (34.5% for girls and 65.5% for boys); about 71% suffered long bone fracture with distal forearm as the most common site. Totally 58% of the boys and 54% of the girls had fracture with low-energy trauma. The fracture group had lower bone mineral apparent density in the lumbar spine (0.19±0.04 vs. 0.20±0.03, p=0.04), lower serum albumin (4.6±0.5 vs 4.8±0.4, p=0.02), and higher serum alkaline phosphatase level (446±174 vs. 361±188, p=0.02) compared with non-fracture subjects. By logistic regression analysis, we found a significant association for sex, and bone mineral content of the lumbar spine with fracture (p=0.003, p=0.039).Conclusion: Compared to other studies, our subjects had lower rate of fracture. We found an association between low bone density and fracture in children and adolescents. This finding has important implications for public health. Further research may contribute to recognition of preventive measures.
Abdolkarim Rahmanian; Ali Haghnegahdar; Abdolvahab Rahmanian; Fariborz Ghaffarpasand
Volume 3, Issue 1 , January 2015
Amene S. Sarvestani; Gholamreza Pishdad; Shahram Bolandparvaz
Volume 2, Issue 1 , January 2014, , Pages 38-43
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the epidemiological aspect of mucormycosis, the nature of malignancies complicated by mucormycosis, the initial site of involvement and the subsequent outcome.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was performed by reviewing the medical records of 95 patients with leukemia ...
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Objectives: To determine the epidemiological aspect of mucormycosis, the nature of malignancies complicated by mucormycosis, the initial site of involvement and the subsequent outcome.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was performed by reviewing the medical records of 95 patients with leukemia complicated with biopsy-proven mucormycosis admitted to the educational hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences over a 21-year period. We recorded demographic information including age and sex and disease characteristics such as type of leukemia, site of involvement, paraclinical findings at the time of admission and the outcome of the patients. The incidence of mucormycosis in leukemia was determined by identifying the number of leukemia patients diagnosed within the last 17 years.Results: The male to female ratio was 2.39:1 in of 95 patients studied. The overall incidence rate of mucormycosis was 4.27 per 100 leukemic patients in last 17 years which showed a decreasing trend from 2001 to 2011. The most frequent type of leukemia was acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) which was found in 58 patients (61.5%). The most common site of initial tumor involvement was sinonasal (90.16%). The mortality rate was about 54%, compared to the mortality rate of about 43.24% in patients with best prognosis of AML.Conclusion: The incidence of mucormycosis in leukemia showed a decreasing trend in our country and its recent incidence is comparable to that of other regions. The best preventive method against this lethal infection is to modify and control the environment which reduces the risk of exposure to air-born fungal spores.
Richard Amini; Luis Camacho; Josie Acuña; Elaine Situ-LaCasse; Srikar Adhikari
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2020, , Pages 41-46
Abstract
Pyogenic tenosynovitis is caused by hematogenous spread of infection or trauma with direct inoculation of a tendon sheath. Symptoms and clinical examination findings associated with pyogenic tenosynovitis may be confused with superficial soft tissue infections, however management plans between ...
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Pyogenic tenosynovitis is caused by hematogenous spread of infection or trauma with direct inoculation of a tendon sheath. Symptoms and clinical examination findings associated with pyogenic tenosynovitis may be confused with superficial soft tissue infections, however management plans between pyogenic tenosynovitis and superficial soft tissue infection vary significantly. In patients with pyogenic tenosynovitis, operative intervention and subsequent irrigation and debridement offer a definitive therapy. Bedside ultrasound helps clinicians inspect the involved tendon sheath and may help assisting diagnosis of pyogenic tenosynovitis. In this case report, we described three cases, where point of care ultrasound was used to assist the diagnosis of pyogenic tenosynovitis, to accelerate consultation, and to expedite operative intervention.
Parviz Mardani; Reza Shahriarirad; Amirhossein Erfani; Keivan Ranjbar; Bizhan Ziaian; Armin Amirian; Hamed Ghoddusi Johari
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January 2021, , Pages 42-45
Abstract
Tube thoracostomy has been known to be a common and invasive, however not innocuous, procedure which is often life-saving. Though, numerous complications have been reported during executing this procedure. In this report, we describe a 27-year-old woman, case of multiple trauma due to car collision ...
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Tube thoracostomy has been known to be a common and invasive, however not innocuous, procedure which is often life-saving. Though, numerous complications have been reported during executing this procedure. In this report, we describe a 27-year-old woman, case of multiple trauma due to car collision that was transferred to our service due to severe right side chest tube air leak and subcutaneous emphysema in which after proper evaluation, it was revealed that the chest tube crossed through the right pleural cavity and penetrated the bronchus intermedius. A literature search failed to identify a similar case. The misplacement was confirmed by fiber optic bronchoscopy and after surgical and intensive care management of the patient, she was dischargedwith an uneventful post-op course. This case noticeably determines that bearing in mind the extreme risks and the careful checks of the tube location are required, particularly in trauma patients, even in the absence of anatomical abnormalities.
Mohammad Sadegh Masoudi; Sina Zoghi; Adrina Habibzadeh; Reza Taheri; Ali Ansari
Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 42-45
Abstract
Approaching posterior fossa pathologies is fairly challenging. Poor exposure, Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) leak following surgery, post-operative suboccipital and neck pain, and wound healing are common challenges following traditional suboccipital midline incision. Herein, we present a new incision for ...
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Approaching posterior fossa pathologies is fairly challenging. Poor exposure, Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) leak following surgery, post-operative suboccipital and neck pain, and wound healing are common challenges following traditional suboccipital midline incision. Herein, we present a new incision for approaching posterior fossa pathologies. The incision is shaped like a question mark and makes a musculofascial flap supplied by occipital artery on top of providing a wide area for craniotomy. In our technique, the dura is also incised in a question mark shaped manner. Three patients with masses in posterior fossa were operated with the new incision. Following surgeries, there were no adverse events including CSF leak, wound complications, severe suboccipital pain and neck instability in any of the patients. This new incision not only facilitates approaching to pathologies in posterior fossa with providing wider exposure, but also enables us for watertight Dural closure which decreases CSF leak. Also, as the muscular incision provides a sufficient area for craniotomy, muscular retraction can be minimized to avoid post-operative pain. Moreover, as opposed to the midline avascular incision, the flap is well supplied by occipital artery which facilitates the healing procedure.
Mohamadreza Saatian; Jamal Ahmadpoor; Younes Mohammadi; Ehsan Mazloumi
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, , Pages 45-53
Abstract
Objective: To determine the epidemiological aspects of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a regional trauma center.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with TBI during 2013 to 2016 in a single center in Hamedan, central Iran. The distribution and relationships of TBI ...
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Objective: To determine the epidemiological aspects of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a regional trauma center.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with TBI during 2013 to 2016 in a single center in Hamedan, central Iran. The distribution and relationships of TBI was assessed with gender, age, type of trauma, traumatic cause, exiting status and Length of Hospitalization (LOH). Data were analyzed by Stata V11 statistical software.Results: In general, 9426 patients with TBI were enrolled in analyses. The mean ± SD age of patients was 29.70 (± 21.46) years. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that being male [OR: 1.29; 95% CI (2.92-4.73), P ≤0.001], 41-50 to 71-80 and 90+ years old' age groups (1.32<OR<3.12, 0.029<p≤0.001), having surgery [OR: 5.58; 95% CI (4.89-6.37), p≤0.001], and different types of trauma (p≤0.001) were significantly related to LOH. Moreover, odds ratio of mortality was 1.52 times greater in males than females (p≤0.001). As the age increases, the odds ratio of mortality was also rising. However, having surgery [OR: 3.72; 95% CI (2.92-4.73), p≤0.001], LOH >5 days [OR: 2.01; 95% CI (1.60-2.52), p≤0.001] and different types of trauma were significantly related to mortality.Conclusion: TBI is one of the main causes of mortality and LOH of the young population. By providing preventive measures and a traumatic care system, the burden of trauma can be greatly reduced, the implementation of the trauma care system in Hamedan province is a necessity.
Umit Can Dolek; Serdar Ozdemir; Kumissay Babayeva; Murat Gol
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 47-50
Abstract
Leech therapy (Hirudotherapy) is a method used in the treatment of many diseases since ancient times.Although many complications have been reported following the use of this method, no systemic life-threateningbleeding has yet been described. A-43-year-old male patient was diagnosed with upper gastrointestinalbleeding ...
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Leech therapy (Hirudotherapy) is a method used in the treatment of many diseases since ancient times.Although many complications have been reported following the use of this method, no systemic life-threateningbleeding has yet been described. A-43-year-old male patient was diagnosed with upper gastrointestinalbleeding following leech application that he had received for infertility one week earlier. The complications ofhirudotherapy typically spontaneously improve due to the local effects of this treatment. The most frequentlyreported complications are local infections, and less commonly allergies and prolonged local bleeding canoccur. However, in this case report, we describe a life-threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeding as a newcomplication. Gastrointestinal bleeding appearing a week after leech therapy does not necessarily meanthat leeches caused gastrointestinal bleeding in this case. Nevertheless, considering the development timeof gastrointestinal bleeding, it can be deduced that it was possibly due to hirudotherapy. Patients should beinformed about alarming symptoms that can indicate complications following leech application.
Endre Varga; Endre Csonka; Balázs Kószó; Zoltán Pető; Zsuzsanna Ágoston; Erika Gyura; Gábor Nardai; Kristóf Boa; Gábor Süveges
Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 48-50
Abstract
Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) programs are recognized as the standard educational trauma program worldwide. Data suggest that ATLS has a positive impact on the value of trauma care. The ATLS Hungary program has been started in 2005, celebrating its 10-year anniversary this year. In the present ...
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Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) programs are recognized as the standard educational trauma program worldwide. Data suggest that ATLS has a positive impact on the value of trauma care. The ATLS Hungary program has been started in 2005, celebrating its 10-year anniversary this year. In the present brief communication a brief overview is provided on the program.Student evaluation and statistical data about the participants were collected throughout the 10-year history of the Hungarian program.Student evaluation shows a high level of satisfaction amongst the participating doctors. Most participants are working in higher level centers. The Hungarian program shows good quality according to the participants. Establishing at least one new center is crucial to be able to provide the course for every professional interested in it or required to take it.
Antonio Brillantino; Francesca Iacobellis; Patrizio Festa; Arianna Mottola; Ciro Acampora; Fabio Corvino; Santolo Del Giudice; Michele Lanza; Mariano Armellino; Raffaella Niola; Luigia Romano; Maurizio Castriconi; Maurizio De Palma; Giuseppe Noschese
Volume 7, Issue 1 , January 2019, , Pages 49-54
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of NOM (nonoperative management) in the treatment of blunt liver trauma, following a standardized treatment protocol.Methods: All the hemodynamically stable patients with computed tomography (CT) diagnosis of blunt liver trauma underwent NOM. It included ...
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Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of NOM (nonoperative management) in the treatment of blunt liver trauma, following a standardized treatment protocol.Methods: All the hemodynamically stable patients with computed tomography (CT) diagnosis of blunt liver trauma underwent NOM. It included strict clinical and laboratory observation, 48-72h contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) or CT follow-up, a primary angioembolization in case of admission CT evidence of vascular injuries and a secondary angioembolization in presence of vascular injuries signs at follow-up CEUS.Results: 181 patients (85.4%) [55 (30.4%) women and 126 (69.6%) men, median age 39 (range 14–71)] were included. Of these, 63 patients (34.8%) had grade I, 48 patients (26.5%) grade II, 39 patients (21.5%) grade III, 21 patients (11.6%) grade IV and 10 patients (5.5%) grade V liver injuries. The overall success rate of NOM was 96.7% (175/181). There was not significant difference in the success rate between the patients with different liver injuries grade. Morbidity rate was 7.4% (13/175). Major complications (2 bilomas, 1 liver hematoma and 2 liver abscesses) were successfully treated by CEUS or CT guided drainage. Eighteen (18/181) patients (9.9%) underwent angioembolization with successful results.Conclusion: Nonoperative management of blunt liver trauma represents a safe and effective treatment for both minor and severe injuries, achieving an high success rate and an acceptable morbidity rate. The angiographic study with embolization, although required only in selected cases of vascular injuries, represents a fundamental therapeutic option in a significant percentage of patients.
Mosin Mushtaq; Mubashir A Shah; Aijaz A Malik; Khurshid A Wani; Natasha Thakur; Fazl Q Parray
Volume 3, Issue 2 , April 2015, , Pages 70-72
Abstract
Fecaloma is a mass of hardened feces being impacted mostly in rectum and sigmoid. The most common sites of the fecaloma is the sigmoid colon and the rectum. There are several causes of fecaloma and have been described in association with Hirschsprung’s disease, psychiatric patients, Chagas disease, ...
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Fecaloma is a mass of hardened feces being impacted mostly in rectum and sigmoid. The most common sites of the fecaloma is the sigmoid colon and the rectum. There are several causes of fecaloma and have been described in association with Hirschsprung’s disease, psychiatric patients, Chagas disease, both inflammatory and neoplastic, and in patients suffering with chronic constipation. Up to now several cases of giant fecaloma has been reported in the literature most of them presenting with megacolon or urinary retention. We herein report a case of giant fecaloma leading to bowel obstruction who was successfully treated by surgery. A 30-yrar-old man presented with sign and symptoms of acute bowel obstruction. He underwent exploratory laparotomy and enterotomy. He was found to have a giant fecaloma causing bowel obstruction in the jejunum. He was discharged after the operation with good condition. Jejunal fecaloma is extremely rare condition.
Somaye Kavusipur; Zahra Rojhani Shirazi; Zahra Ardekani; Soqra Omidi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 86-89
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prediction value of disorder of consciousness scale (DOCS) for consciousness recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI) leading to coma.Methods: This is a descriptive-cross-sectional study of the correlation between the level of patients’ consciousness in the first and ...
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Objective: To determine the prediction value of disorder of consciousness scale (DOCS) for consciousness recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI) leading to coma.Methods: This is a descriptive-cross-sectional study of the correlation between the level of patients’ consciousness in the first and second weeks and the first 2 months after traumatic brain injury, using DOCS scale.Results: The findings of the present study showed that the sensitivity and specificity of DOCS in determining individual’s consciousness after first week and two months after injury are 66% and 41% respectively, and regarding DOCSU2 the corresponding values were 94% and 50% (p=0.001).Conclusion: Passage of time is one of the most significant factors in predicting the resumption of consciousness in patients with brain injury, and more accurate results are expected following the acute phase. However, the application of disorder of consciousness scale could be of a great help to patients’ families and rehabilitation staff in regard to providing a better services to meet the patients” future needs.
