Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Maryam Dehghankhalili
Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2013, , Pages 1-2
Shahram Bolandparvaz; Hamid Reza Abbasi; Fariborz Ghaffarpasand
Volume 2, Issue 1 , January 2014, , Pages 1-2
Sedighe Abbasipour-Dalivand; Rahim Mohammadi; Vahid Mohammadi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , January 2015, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effects of local administration of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on peripheral nerve regeneration in rat sciatic nerve transection model.Methods: Forty-five male white Wistar rats were randomized into three experimental groups (n = 15): Normal control group (NC), silicon group ...
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Objective: To determine the effects of local administration of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on peripheral nerve regeneration in rat sciatic nerve transection model.Methods: Forty-five male white Wistar rats were randomized into three experimental groups (n = 15): Normal control group (NC), silicon group (SIL), PRP treated group (SIL/PRP). In NC group left sciatic nerve was exposed through a gluteal muscle incision and after homeostasis muscle was sutured. In SIL group left sciatic nerve was exposed the same way and transected proximal to tibio-peroneal bifurcation leaving a 10-mm gap. Proximal and distal stumps were each inserted into a silicone conduit and filled with 10 µL phosphate buffered solution. In SIL/PRP group silicon conduit was filled with 20 µL PRP. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups of five animals each and were studied 4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery.Results: The animals were comparable regarding the baseline characteristics. Behavioral testing, sciatic nerve functional study and gastrocnemius muscle mass showed earlier regeneration of axons in SIL/PRP than in SIL group.Conclusion: Local administration of PRP combined with silicon grafting could accelerate functional recovery of peripheral nerve. Easily available growth factors and bioactive proteins present in PRP may have clinical implications for the surgical management of patients after nerve transection.
Shahram Paydar; Golnar Sabetian; Hosseinali Khalili; Javad Fallahi; Mohammad Tahami; Bizhan Ziaian; Hamid Reza Abbasi; Shahram Bolandparvaz; Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Zahra Ghahramani
Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PTE) are known as venous thromboembolism (VTE). DVT occurs when a thrombus (a blood clot) forms in deep veins of the body, usually in the lower extremities. It can cause swelling or leg pain, but sometimes may occur with no symptoms. Awareness of DVT ...
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Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PTE) are known as venous thromboembolism (VTE). DVT occurs when a thrombus (a blood clot) forms in deep veins of the body, usually in the lower extremities. It can cause swelling or leg pain, but sometimes may occur with no symptoms. Awareness of DVT is the best way to prevent the VTE. Patients with trauma are at increased risk of DVT and subsequent PE because of coagulopathy in patients with multiple trauma, DVT prophylaxis is essential but the VTE prophylaxis strategy is controversial for the trauma patients. The risk factors for VTE includes pelvic and lower extremity fractures, and head injury.
Amir Khorram-Manesh
Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 1-3
Holger Rupprecht; Katharina Gaab
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2018, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
A penetrating chest trauma, a myocardial contusion or a myocardial infarction can lead to a cardiac rupture, which is linked to an extreme high death rate. Only few cases with delayed perforation of the myocardium have been reported in literature. We report about a penetrating gunshot injury, which led ...
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A penetrating chest trauma, a myocardial contusion or a myocardial infarction can lead to a cardiac rupture, which is linked to an extreme high death rate. Only few cases with delayed perforation of the myocardium have been reported in literature. We report about a penetrating gunshot injury, which led to a myocardial contusion with secondary delayed rupture of the left ventricle and the left inferior lobe of the lung. The leakage of the lesion in the left ventricle could be sealed sufficiently with fibrin-coated collagen fleeces after adapting stitches with Prolene 2-0. For additional stabilization of the vulnerable myocardium area, a bovine patch has been placed on the damaged ventricle. Fibrin fleeces are used successfully in cardiac surgery, as in our case, to seal the leakage of the lesion in the left ventricle. The implantation of a bovine patch in the pericardium could prevent a cardiac compartment syndrome with a fatal pericardial tamponade. To prohibit a thoracic compartment syndrome a modified Bogota bag could be sewed in for temporarily closure of the chest. In most cases penetrating cardiac injuries can be treated without heart-lung-machines. An immediate transfer to a cardio-surgical center is, due to the acute situation, not possible. If a surgeon with thoraco-surgical expertise is present a transfer is not absolutely necessary.
Mohammad Saadati; Saber Azami-aghdash; Mahdiyeh Heydari; Naser Derakhshani; Ramin Rezapour
Volume 7, Issue 1 , January 2019, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-immolation epidemiology and characteristics in Iran.Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis study. PubMed, Scopus, Web of science and Science Direct were searched for English literature and SID and Magiran for Persian ...
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Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-immolation epidemiology and characteristics in Iran.Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis study. PubMed, Scopus, Web of science and Science Direct were searched for English literature and SID and Magiran for Persian in the time period of 2000 to 2016. The retrieved studies were screened and reviewed then quality assessed. Random Effect model was applied for meta-analysis. The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method.Results: After literature screening, 39 studies included in the analysis. Women were subject to self-immolation more than men. The rate of self-immolation estimated to be 4.5 cases in every 100,000 populations and it was the reason of 16% of hospitalized burns. The average length of hospital stay calculated to be 12.24 (95% CI: 8.85-15.59) days. The total burnt surface area was 65.3% (95% CI: 56.71-73.89). Death due to self-immolation was 62.1%. The major risk factors of self-immolation were having mental health issues, family problems and characteristics and problems in relation/communication with spouses.Conclusion: Despite the low rate of self-immolation in Iran, it comprises one sixth of the hospitalized burns. The mortality rate of self-immolation also is high and this highlights the importance of providing special care. Psychological consultations and mental health screening in the primary health care would help to prevent the self-immolation.
Shahram Paydar; Hossein Akbarialiabad
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2020, , Pages 1-3
Abstract
The coexistence of humans, the environment, and animals may lead to laceration, injury, and death. The earliest anthropological registration of human being violations and human conflicts backs to almost more than 200 thousand years [1, 2]. Nowadays, still, fall and violations are the leading cause of ...
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The coexistence of humans, the environment, and animals may lead to laceration, injury, and death. The earliest anthropological registration of human being violations and human conflicts backs to almost more than 200 thousand years [1, 2]. Nowadays, still, fall and violations are the leading cause of human trauma [3]. Trauma causes more than 6 million people to die annually and results in around onesixth of the global burden of disease as well as ten percent of overall mortality [4].
Daem Roshani; Aram Karimian
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January 2021, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Objective: To assess the preparedness of Iranian hospitals against earthquake.Methods: In this systematic review, a query was carried out on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Sid, Irandoc, Google scholar, and Magiran databases for articles published between 2000-2019. Statistical analysis was ...
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Objective: To assess the preparedness of Iranian hospitals against earthquake.Methods: In this systematic review, a query was carried out on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Sid, Irandoc, Google scholar, and Magiran databases for articles published between 2000-2019. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and I2 tests at a confidence interval of 95%. Finally, out of 7458 studies, 10 related articles were analyzed.Results: As evidenced by the obtained results, the highest readiness was obtained at 0.709 (95% CI: 0.49-0.88) in “disaster plan”, while the lowest readiness was reported at 0.455 (95% CI: 0.23-0.68) in “structural safety”. The overall earthquake preparedness of these hospitals was calculated at 0.47 (95% CI: 0.37-0.56).Conclusion: The results of the present study pointed to the moderate level of earthquake preparedness in Iranian hospitals. This finding highlights the necessity of a training plan and implementation of a national program in all hospitals of the country to increase earthquake preparedness.
Abolghasem Fallahzadeh Abarghuei; Mohammad Taghi Karimi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of various methods used for SCI subjects in this regard based on the available literature.Methods: A search was done in some data bases such as Google scholar, ISI web of knowledge, PubMed, and Scopus. Some keywords such as bowel, bladder control and management ...
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Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of various methods used for SCI subjects in this regard based on the available literature.Methods: A search was done in some data bases such as Google scholar, ISI web of knowledge, PubMed, and Scopus. Some keywords such as bowel, bladder control and management were used in combination with SCI. The studies’ quality was evaluated with Pedro scale.Results: From 100 articles found, 21 papers were selected based on abstracts and titles. The quality of the studies varied between 5 and 7 based on Pedro scale. There were 3 studies on abdominal muscles stimulation, 1 on stimulation of tibial nerve, 8 on stimulation of sacral nerve root, 2 on combination of stimulation and exercise, 4 on Brindley bladder control and 3 on sacralizotomy.Conclusion: The bowel and bladder management functions is not the main problem of SCI subjects anymore. Some advantages of the mentioned procedures used for SCI subjects are including improved quality of life, socialization, and decreased bladder infection.
Yasaman Habibzadeh omran; Mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the rate of driving hazard perception (HP), explicate the content of HP and determineits components.Methods: The present study is a systematic review and a meta-analysis which is carried out to gather data,to search Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, PROQUEST, web of knowledge databases, ...
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Objective: To estimate the rate of driving hazard perception (HP), explicate the content of HP and determineits components.Methods: The present study is a systematic review and a meta-analysis which is carried out to gather data,to search Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, PROQUEST, web of knowledge databases, Google scholar searchengine and also to search manually from January 2000 to September 2021 with using related keywords. EndNoteX20 software was used to manage and screening studies. Stata16 was used for meta-analysis. Thematic contentanalysis was used to analyze the findings. The entire review process was conducted by two authors, and disputeswere referred to a third person.Results: Out of the 1167 founded articles, 50 were finally included in the study. According to 10 importedpapers for meta-analysis includes 2770 sample size, general HP of drivers is estimated 3.33 [4.04-2.62 with CI95, I2=89.72]. Also, HP for experienced and beginner drivers is estimated 3.26 [2.23-4.26 with CI 95, I2=89.47]and 3.42 [2.41-4.43 with CI 95, I2=89.68], respectively. Also, in the data meta-synthesis, 28 definitions of HPand 6 main components are identified to evaluate HP using thematic content analysis.Conclusion: In this study, obtained results show that all people need constant and gradual training at all levels.A factor that can be effective to improve drivers’ HP is to make drivers to take training courses and to passstandard tests at the time of obtaining driving license.
Hamidreza Shetabi; hossein Mahjoubipour; mona bahmani
Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare the effects of intranasal administration of lidocaine andremifentanil on the condition of LMA insertion and cardiovascular response.Methods: From March 2019 to March 2020, this double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conductedon 60 patients, ...
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Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare the effects of intranasal administration of lidocaine andremifentanil on the condition of LMA insertion and cardiovascular response.Methods: From March 2019 to March 2020, this double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conductedon 60 patients, who underwent general anesthesia with LMA insertion at Faiz Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Afterinduction of anesthesia and before placing the laryngeal mask, the first group received remifentanil 1 μg/Kg,the second group received lidocaine 2% 1 mg/Kg, and the third group received normal saline with the samevolume intranasally. The conditions of LMA insertion and hemodynamic changes that occurred during itsinsertion were investigated.Results: In terms of demographics characteristics (p>0.05), success in placing the LMA on the first try(p=0.73), number of attempts to insert LMA (p=0.61), performance of LMA (p=0.73), need for additionalpropofol (p=0.53), frequency of gagging (p=0.53), cough (p=0.15) p), and laryngospasm (p=0.99) did notdiffer significantly. In the remifentanil group, the cardiovascular response to LMA injection was less than thatof the lidocaine group. Moreover, both groups were lower than the saline group, but no significant differencewas observedConclusion: In facilitating LMA insertion, the effect of intranasal remifentanil was comparable to intranasallidocaine. Intranasal remifentanil was somewhat more effective than intranasal lidocaine in weakening thecardiovascular response to LMA insertion, but it did not outperform lidocaine.
Shahram Paydar; Zahra Ghahramani; Hamed Ghoddusi Johari; Samad Khezri; Bizhan Ziaeian; Mohammad Ali Ghayyoumi; Mohammad Javad Fallahi; Mohammad Hadi Niakan; Golnar Sabetian; Hamid Reza Abbasi; Shahram Bolandparvaz
Volume 3, Issue 2 , April 2015, , Pages 37-40
Abstract
Chest tube (CT) or tube thoracostomy placement is often indicated following traumatic injuries. Premature movement of the chest tube leads to increased hospital complications and costs for patients. Placement of a chest tube is indicated in drainage of blood, bile, pus, drain air, and other fluids. Although ...
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Chest tube (CT) or tube thoracostomy placement is often indicated following traumatic injuries. Premature movement of the chest tube leads to increased hospital complications and costs for patients. Placement of a chest tube is indicated in drainage of blood, bile, pus, drain air, and other fluids. Although there is a general agreement for the placement of a chest tube, there is little consensus on the subsequent management. Chest tube removal in trauma patients increases morbidity and hospital expense if not done at the right time. A review of relevant literature showed that the best answers to some questions about time and decision-making have been long sought. Issues discussed in this manuscript include chest tube removal conditions, the need for chest radiography before and after chest tuberemoval, the need to clamp the chest tube prior to removal, and drainage rate and acceptability prior to removal.
Mohammadreza Mobinizadeh; Farzan Berenjian; Efat Mohammadi; Farhad Habibi; Alireza Olyaeemanesh; Kazem Zendedel; Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini
Volume 10, Issue 2 , April 2022, , Pages 49-58
Abstract
Objective: To review the research dimensions of trauma registry data on health policy making. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were searched until July 2020. Keywords were used on the search process included Trauma, Injury, Registry and Research, which were searched by using appropriate search strategies. ...
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Objective: To review the research dimensions of trauma registry data on health policy making. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were searched until July 2020. Keywords were used on the search process included Trauma, Injury, Registry and Research, which were searched by using appropriate search strategies. The included articles had to: 1. be extracted from data related to trauma registries; 2- be written in English; 3- define a time period and a patient population; 4- preferably have more details and policy recommendations; and 5- preferably have a discussion on how to improve diagnosis and treatment. The results obtained from the included studies were qualitatively analyzed using thematic synthesis and comparative tables. Results: In the primary round of search, 19559 studies were retrieved. According to PRISMA statement and also performing quality appraisal process, 30 studies were included in the final phase of analysis. In the final papers’ synthesis, 14 main research domains were extracted and classified in terms of the policy implication and research priority. The domains with the highest frequency were “The relationship between trauma registry data and hospital care protocols for trauma patients” and “The causes of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) due to trauma”. Conclusion: Using trauma registry data as a tool for policy-making could be helpful in several ways, namely increasing the quality of patient care, preventing injuries and decreasing their number, figuring out the details of socioeconomic status effects, and improving the quality of researches in practical ways. Also, follow-up of patients after trauma surgery as one of the positive effects of the trauma registry can be the focus of attention of policy-making bodies.
Arvind Kumar; Yawar Haider; Jigyasa Passey; Rizwan Khan; Sahil Gaba; Mukesh Kumar
Volume 9, Issue 2 , April 2021, , Pages 51-59
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the factors associated with mortality in fracture patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection based on the available published data. Methods: Keywords such as “fracture” and “COVID or COVID-19” were searched through three major databases includes ...
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Objective: To analyze the factors associated with mortality in fracture patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection based on the available published data. Methods: Keywords such as “fracture” and “COVID or COVID-19” were searched through three major databases includes PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Selection criteria were all published reports providing the mortality related information of COVID-19 positive fracture patients. Published papers containing mortality data of COVID-19 positive fracture patients were considered for qualitative review. For meta-analysis, the presenting individual’s data were considered to study the different parameters association with mortality. Results: The rate of mean mortality in COVID-19 positive fracture patients was 34%, and 91.7% of patients had hip fractures. Older age and hip fractures had a significant association with higher mortality rates in COVID-19 positive fracture patients.Conclusion: The mortality rates are considerably higher in COVID-19 positive patients with fractures compared to COVID-19 positive patients without fractures and to the COVID-19 negative fracture patients. Early surgical intervention should be preferred in hip fractures among COVID-19 positive patients for general stabilization and improved respiratory function. Older age and hip fractures are the main predictors of mortality in these patients.
Yasaman Habibzadeh omran; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian; Golrokh Atighechian
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 51-68
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate previous studies on hazard perception among road users.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases and search engines includingScience Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Iranmedex, SID, Irandoc, and Google ...
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Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate previous studies on hazard perception among road users.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases and search engines includingScience Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Iranmedex, SID, Irandoc, and Google Scholar fromJanuary 2000 to September 2021. The search was performed using a combination of medical subject headingterms and keywords. Endnote software version 20.0 (Clarivate, Philadelphia, PA, USA) was used to organizethe included articles. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the findings. The entire review processwas conducted by two authors, and unresolved challenges were discussed with other researchers.Results: Findings of the study show that all of the tests could discriminate between inexperienced andexperienced drivers. The use of dynamic hazard perception tests was more common than static tests, and insome cases, simulators were used. Moreover, the results indicated a weak correlation between the results ofdynamic and static tests. Therefore, it could be claimed that both dynamic and static methods measured certaindimensions of hazard perception.Conclusion: Regarding the importance of hazard perception, the findings of this study can provide furtherprogress in designing hazard perception tests. The hazard perception tests can be sensitive to cultural or legaldifferences. It should also be noted that in developing tools for measuring drivers’ hazard perception, differentdimensions of hazard perception must be considered, so that the level of drivers’ hazard perception can bereported accurately.
Khalid Shukri
Volume 1, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 52-55
Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Hamid Reza Abbasi; Shahram Paydar; Shahram Bolandparvaz; Maryam Dehghankhalili
Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, , Pages 53-55
Hernando Raphael Alvis-Miranda; Sandy Zuleica Navas-Marrugo; Robert Andrés Velasquez-Loperena; Richard José Adie-Villafañe; Duffay Velasquez-Loperena; Sandra Milena Castellar-Leones; Gabriel Alcala-Cerra; Juan Camilo Pulido-Gutiérrez; Javier Ricardo Rodríguez-Conde; María Fernanda Moreno-Moreno; Andrés M. Rubiano; Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar
Volume 2, Issue 2 , April 2014, , Pages 65-71
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the effects of glycemic level on outcome patients with traumatic brain injury.Methods: From September 2010 to December 2012, all medical records of adult patients with TBI admitted to the Emergency Room of Laura Daniela ...
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ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the effects of glycemic level on outcome patients with traumatic brain injury.Methods: From September 2010 to December 2012, all medical records of adult patients with TBI admitted to the Emergency Room of Laura Daniela Clinic in Valledupar City, Colombia, South America were enrolled. Both genders between 18 and 85 years who referred during the first 48 hours after trauma, and their glucose level was determined in the first 24 hours of admission were included. Adults older than 85 years, with absence of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and a brain Computerized Tomography (CT) scans were excluded. The cut-off value was considered 200 mg/dL to define hyperglycemia. Final GCS, hospital admission duration and complications were compared between normoglycemic and hyperglycemic patients.Results: Totally 217 patients were identified with TBI. Considering exclusion criteria, 89 patients remained for analysis. The mean age was 43.0±19.6 years, the mean time of remission was 5.9±9.4 hours, the mean GCS on admission was 10.5±3.6 and the mean blood glucose level in the first 24 hours was 138.1±59.4 mg/dL. Hyperglycemia was present in 13.5% of patients. The most common lesions presented by patients with TBI were fractures (22.5%), hematoma (18.3%), cerebral edema (18.3%) and cerebral contusion (16.2%). Most of patients without a high glucose level at admission were managed only medically, whereas surgical treatment was more frequent in patients with hyperglycemia (p=0.042). Hyperglycemia was associated with higher complication (p=0.019) and mortality rate (p=0.039). GCS was negatively associated with on admission glucose level (r=0.11; p=0.46).Conclusion: Hyperglycemia in the first 24-hours of TBI is associated with higher rate of surgical intervention, higher complication and mortality rates. So hyperglycemia handling is critical to the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury.
Hernando Raphael Alvis-Miranda; Andres M. Rubiano; Amit Agrawal; Alejandro Rojas; Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar; Guru Dutta Satyarthee; Willem Guillermo Calderon-Miranda; Nidia Escobar Hernandez; Nasly Zabaleta-Churio
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 65-74
Abstract
Craniocerebral gunshot injuries (CGI) are increasingly encountered by neurosurgeons in civilian and urban settings. Unfortunately, more prevalent condition in developing countries, with major armed conflicts which is still persisting, since the main trigger is violence at the national or state ...
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Craniocerebral gunshot injuries (CGI) are increasingly encountered by neurosurgeons in civilian and urban settings. Unfortunately, more prevalent condition in developing countries, with major armed conflicts which is still persisting, since the main trigger is violence at the national or state level. Management goals of CGI should focus on aggressive resuscitation and correction of coagulopathy; those with stable vital signs should undergo CT scan head at the earliest possible opportunity. Neuroimaging is vital for planning of surgical management, especially to determine the type of surgery, routes of the approach to the surgical target area and extraction of the impacted foreign bodies, however, surgical management is not always indicated. Although subset of such cases may be managed even with non-surgical management. The treatment comprises of immediate life salvaging resuscitative measures including control of the persistent bleeding, care of associated injury, management of raised intracranial pressure, prevention of cerebrospinal fistula formation by primary watertight dural repair and prevention of infection, through extensive debridement of contaminated, macerated or ischemic tissues; preservation of nervous tissue and restoration of anatomic structures through the hermetic sealing of dural and scalp defect. Recently, only few studies of craniocerebral penetrating injuries are published that too involving smaller patients sample sizes; although classic studies in the military and civil situation noticed associated relatively very high mortality and morbidity and psychological as well as economic impact on the affected individual, the family and the health system in providing ongoing care to the sufferers and society at large. Currently various measures are advocated with aim to reduce the incidence of CGI especially in civilian populations. It is highly necessary and immensely urgent to promote research in a neurocritical care of CGI to provide positive impact on improvement of the quality of life and further providing better care and reduction of overall health care cost.
Fariborz Ghaffarpasand; Maryam Dehghankhalili
Volume 5, Issue 2 , April 2017, , Pages 67-69
Seyed Rasoul Davoodi; Seyed Mohamad Hossayni
Volume 3, Issue 3 , July 2015, , Pages 73-78
Abstract
In comparison to other transportation modes, riding motorcycle is prone to accidents. Motorcyclists are more exposed to physical injury than the car drivers. Many multi-vehicle motorcycles crashes occur, there is right-of-way violation takes place in which another vehicle turns in fronts of a motorcycle, ...
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In comparison to other transportation modes, riding motorcycle is prone to accidents. Motorcyclists are more exposed to physical injury than the car drivers. Many multi-vehicle motorcycles crashes occur, there is right-of-way violation takes place in which another vehicle turns in fronts of a motorcycle, or a sudden cross of path of an on-coming motorcycle. One main factor which leads to high rate of motorcycle crashes is lack of conspicuity of motorcycles by other road users especially during day time traffic. This paper highlights previous studies on the implementation of motorcycle DRLs, focusing on the efficacy of the DRLs to improve motorcycle conspicuity. This paper reviews the impacts of DRL by motorcyclists on multi-vehicle motorcycle crash. The three categories of effects of motorcycle DRLs were reviewed. All literature, supporting that operating headlights during daytime appears to be an influential and effective approach to reduce rate of collision by improving motorcycle’s conspicuity in traffic. The motorcycle DRLs managed to reduce about 4 to 20% of motorcycle crash risk. This paper also recommends that motorcycle DRLs must be used globally, especially in countries with high motorcycle accidents to improve the safety of the riders as well as their pillion riders.
Mohamed H. Elshahidi; Nada Y. Monir; Mohamed A. Elzhery; Ahmed A. Sharaqi; Hames Haedaya; Basem I. Awad; Khaled Zaghloul
Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, , Pages 75-89
Abstract
Objective: To systematically search the literature and to summarize current evidence pertaining to the epidemiology of SCI in the MENA region incidence, gender, age, type of the injury and etiology of the injury.Methods: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost were systematically searched ...
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Objective: To systematically search the literature and to summarize current evidence pertaining to the epidemiology of SCI in the MENA region incidence, gender, age, type of the injury and etiology of the injury.Methods: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost were systematically searched from their dates of inception till July 2017 for English and non-English language articles. Also, regional databases were searched. Data were extracted from eligible articles and pooled under the random effect model using R. References of the included articles were also screened for potentially relevant studies.Results: We identified 29 articles from seven countries in the MENA region (Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait and Qatar). The mean age of the cases at time of injury was 31.32 (95% CI: 28.74-33.91). The random pooled annual incidence of TSCI per million was 23.24 (95% CI: 5.64-49.21). Pooled proportion of male gender was 77% (95% CI 73-80%) of the cases. Complete paraplegia was the most common type of injury. Thoracic level injury predominated. Also, the most commonly affected age group was 20-29 then 30-39. Motor vehicle accidents were found to be the leading cause of injury, then falls, gunshot, violence and sports. Further meta-regression analysis showed no association between age and etiology of the injury.Conclusion: This review shows lack of evidence about SCI in most countries of the MENA region. More epidemiological studies are needed.
Behnaz Rastegarfar; Ali Ardalan; Saharnaz Nejat; Abbasali Keshtkar; Mohammad Javad Moradian
Volume 7, Issue 2 , April 2019, , Pages 93-98
Abstract
Objective: To find a proper search strategy to do a systematic review related to preparedness for disasters.Methods: MeSH and Emtree terms were searched to detect synonyms for two main search terms “disaster” and “preparedness”. Expert opinion on the synonyms was examined applying ...
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Objective: To find a proper search strategy to do a systematic review related to preparedness for disasters.Methods: MeSH and Emtree terms were searched to detect synonyms for two main search terms “disaster” and “preparedness”. Expert opinion on the synonyms was examined applying a Google form. The adopted syntax was searched in PubMed and results were sifted. Hand searching in two top key journals was done and sensitivity was calculated.Results: Out of 1120 articles, 122 were included. In PDM journal, 10 articles were included by hand searching, out of which 5 were not spotted in PubMed search with the proposed syntax. In DMPHP journal, 13 publications were included, with 5 not found in PubMed search. Because of human error in hand searching 2 articles were added.Conclusion: The proposed syntax in this study achieves a sensitivity of search of 0.6 in PubMed which could be quite applicable for researchers. Moreover, in case only MeSH or Emtree terms were applied in search strategy or where hand searching was not performed, there were a number of articles missed.
Mohammad Hosseini; Abbas Heydari; Hamidreza Reihani; Hossein Kareshki
Volume 10, Issue 3 , July 2022, , Pages 95-102
Abstract
Objective: To identify the elements of teamwork in resuscitation, an integrative review and synthesize current primary studies conducted.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, as well as Google Scholar search engine were searched from November 2015 to March 2020 to review previously published ...
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Objective: To identify the elements of teamwork in resuscitation, an integrative review and synthesize current primary studies conducted.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, as well as Google Scholar search engine were searched from November 2015 to March 2020 to review previously published peer‐reviewed studies. Out of the 5495 articles, 16 were finally included in the study. Search strategy implemented with these keywords (in the title/abstract) were (team* AND CPR) or (team* AND resuscitation). Six descriptive criteria was performed by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline to analyze the articles and a modified version of Cooper’s five‐stage method.Results: Sixteen studies were included in this research. Twenty elements related to teamwork in resuscitation were identified by using data synthesis, then classified into four categories includes team interaction elements, leadership skills, individual elements and environmental elements. Communication, leadership, situation awareness and scene organization had the highest frequency of reviewed articles 10, 5, 4, 4, respectively.Conclusion: The interactions between resuscitation team members and the skills of the leader and team members along with environmental elements had attracted the most attention of researchers by focusing on teamwork in resuscitation. Due to the limited number of articles related to this subject, more research is needed to reveal all the key elements of teamwork in resuscitation.
