Peyman Saberian; Arman Shafiee; Parisa Hasani-Sharamin; Hosein Rafiemanesh; Alireza Baratloo
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 154-161
Abstract
Objective: Considering the growing use of emergency medical services (EMS), we evaluated the level ofpublic awareness of emergency situations in Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2023 on Iranian residentsin Tehran, who were older than 18 years old. The ...
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Objective: Considering the growing use of emergency medical services (EMS), we evaluated the level ofpublic awareness of emergency situations in Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2023 on Iranian residentsin Tehran, who were older than 18 years old. The participants were directed to a URL for an online surveylink and asked to select their preferred options for the predetermined scenarios. We divided the participantsinto three groups: abuse, misuse, and non-use. At least 12 correct answers were required to qualify asacceptable knowledge and practice responses (KP score). Then, the relationship between participants’ baselinecharacteristics and their level of awareness was investigated.Results: Totally, 3864 people participated in the study, of whom 50.5% were men. The participants’ agesranged from 18 to 90 years old, with a mean age of 40.01±11.30 years. In general, the rate of abuse, misuse,and not-use in at least one scenario was 74.5%, 64%, and 70.4%, respectively. The results of the multivariableregression analysis indicated that female sex (OR=1.29), a higher education level (OR=3.36), a higher incomelevel (OR=1.64), and Turkish ethnicity (OR=1.20) were significantly associated with the correct KP score.Conclusion: The degree of inappropriate utilization of EMS services in Iran was significant. We found thatthe proper knowledge regarding the appropriate use of EMS was significantly associated with the participant’slevel of education, academic field, job, and income.
Mansoor Shahriari; Mohammad Sistanizad; Maryam Foruzani Haghighi; Ghader Mohammadnezhad; Hadi Esmaily
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 96-101
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the Iranian ophthalmologists’ knowledge of prescribing prophylacticantibiotics to patients with open globe injury (OGI) in Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we utilized a questionnaire to evaluate the ophthalmologists’ knowledgeabout prescribing ...
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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the Iranian ophthalmologists’ knowledge of prescribing prophylacticantibiotics to patients with open globe injury (OGI) in Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we utilized a questionnaire to evaluate the ophthalmologists’ knowledgeabout prescribing antibiotics as prophylaxis. This survey was conducted in Tehran and its suburbs. Thequestionnaire included demographic information as well as ophthalmologists’ knowledge levels. Cronbach’salpha was used to determine its validity and reliability. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0.Results: Of 192 subjects, 111 (35 women, 76 men) were included. About 65 (58.6%) specialists and 45 (41.4%)subspecialists with different orientations completed the questionnaires. The total knowledge score was13.04±2.96. The following are the results of ophthalmologists’ responses to questions regarding the cornea/scleral injury (1.09±1.72), prophylactic antibiotics administration (2.79±1.11), the infectious agents in eyesurgeries (3.21±1.49), diagnosis and treatment (2.84±0.944), and the effects of ocular antibiotics as well as theirproper dosage (2.96±2.35). There was no significant relationship between some demographic information suchas sex, working hours, workplace, and the number of studied articles (p>0.05). In addition, ophthalmologistswith less work experience had significantly higher levels of knowledge than those with more work experience.Conclusion: The findings indicated that the majority of ophthalmologists had a basic knowledge of prescribingprophylactic antibiotics in OGI.
Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh; Rita Rezaee; Mahmoudreza Peyravi
Volume 9, Issue 3 , July 2021, , Pages 105-117
Abstract
Objective: To determine the instructional programs required by volunteers based on the studies carried out worldwide. Methods: A systematic search was carried out by PubMed, Cochran Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases between January 1970 and the end ...
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Objective: To determine the instructional programs required by volunteers based on the studies carried out worldwide. Methods: A systematic search was carried out by PubMed, Cochran Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases between January 1970 and the end of June 2019. The articles were selected based on the keywords chosen by the author. In the end, the volunteer’s instructional titles were extracted from the articles in disasters. Results: Eleven articles were chosen for final analysis after studying the titles, abstracts, and complete articles texts which 45 instructional titles were extracted. The most frequent scales in terms of repetition were ethics, kinds of exercises, personal protection instruments, general hygiene, awareness of certain disasters, accident command system, disaster triage and emergency planning. Conclusion: Governments should offer programs that can best serve the improvement of their performance by considering the daily increasing growth in the number of volunteers and in natural and manmade disasters. Universities and schools play determinant roles in this regard. It is hoped that the present study findings can be effective in codify an efficient instructional program for elevating the performance of the volunteers by taking part in disasters response.
Mohamad Javad Moradian; Zahra Mehraein Nazdik
Volume 7, Issue 2 , April 2019, , Pages 112-117
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effect of lecture and game methods in disaster risk education on high school students' knowledge.Methods: This research was a randomized field trial of educational intervention for high school’s students in Shiraz, Iran. Through cluster sampling, the 332 students ...
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Objective: To compare the effect of lecture and game methods in disaster risk education on high school students' knowledge.Methods: This research was a randomized field trial of educational intervention for high school’s students in Shiraz, Iran. Through cluster sampling, the 332 students were randomly selected and their knowledge was compared in two randomized allocated intervention groups by pretest and posttest. For one group a classic lecture about the basic concepts of disaster risk management were presented. In the other group through a game base method and demonstrations the mentors tried to educate the considered concepts.Results: In this study 332 students were participated in lecture (n=166) and game (n=166) groups. There was a significant increase between the mean of students' knowledge in the two groups of lectures and games method after educational intervention. The mean of students' disaster risk knowledge in the lecture and game methods were 17.47 and 29.77 percent respectively (p<0.001).Conclusion: The game's educational method was more effective than the traditional lecture method on students' knowledge and it can be considered as a new approach for promoting the behaviors on disaster risk management.Clinical Trial Registry: IRCT20171014036766N
Tanja Pekez-Pavlisko; Maja Racic; Drinka Jurišić
Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, , Pages 162-168
Abstract
Objective: To explore family physicians’ attitudes, previous experience and self-assessed preparedness to respond or to assist in mass casualty incidents in Croatia.Methods: The cross-sectional survey was carried out during January 2017. Study participants were recruited through a Facebook group ...
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Objective: To explore family physicians’ attitudes, previous experience and self-assessed preparedness to respond or to assist in mass casualty incidents in Croatia.Methods: The cross-sectional survey was carried out during January 2017. Study participants were recruited through a Facebook group that brings together family physicians from Croatia. They were asked to complete the questionnaire, which was distributed via google.docs. Knowledge and attitudes toward disaster preparedness were evaluated by 18 questions. Analysis of variance, Student t test and Kruskal-Wallis test t were used for statistical analysis.Results: Risk awareness of disasters was high among respondents (M = 4.89, SD=0.450). Only 16.4 of respondents have participated in the management of disaster at the scene. The majority (73.8%) of physicians have not been participating in any educational activity dealing with disaster over the past two years. Family physicians believed they are not well prepared to participate in national (M = 3.02, SD=0.856) and local community emergency response system for disaster (M = 3.16, SD=1.119). Male physicians scored higher preparedness to participate in national emergency response system for disaster (p=0.012), to carry out accepted triage principles used in the disaster situation (p=0.003) and recognize differences in health assessments indicating potential exposure to specific agents (p=0,001) compared to their female colleagues.Conclusion: Croatian primary healthcare system attracts many young physicians, who can be an important part of disaster and emergency management. However, the lack of experience despite a high motivation indicates a need for inclusion of disaster medicine training during undergraduate studies and annual educational activities.
Maryam Nadjafi; Siavash Hamzeh pour
Volume 5, Issue 2 , April 2017, , Pages 122-128
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and preparedness of Mahabad Red Crescent Society volunteers in dealing with chemical attacks.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 Red Crescent Society volunteers in Mahabad City, Iran, during 2014-2015.The knowledge of the ...
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Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and preparedness of Mahabad Red Crescent Society volunteers in dealing with chemical attacks.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 Red Crescent Society volunteers in Mahabad City, Iran, during 2014-2015.The knowledge of the volunteers was evaluated and rated using a questionnaire as poor, moderate, and good. Also, the attitude of the volunteers towards the chemical attacks and their preparedness were rated as appropriate and inappropriate using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 21. Results: From a total of 120 volunteers, 62.5% were males. The mean age of the volunteers was 32.0 ± 8.2 years. None of the volunteers had adequate knowledge regarding management of the consequences of chemical terrorist attacks. Only 10 volunteers (8.3%) had appropriate attitude and 7 (5.8%) stated their preparedness for being sent to the crisis zone. Also, 116 volunteers (96.7%) declared that Mahabad Red Crescent Society has an inappropriate level of preparedness to encounter chemical terrorism attacks and release of chemical agents related to petrochemical industrial chlorine resources into the water and wastewater. Conclusion: The findings of the present study show poor knowledge and inappropriate attitude of Mahabad Red Crescent Society volunteers, and rescuers in encountering probable chemical attacks and industrial accidents. Furthermore, the Red Crescent Society had an inappropriate level of preparedness in the field of chemical terrorism from the viewpoint of the studied volunteers.
Hashem Rahmati; Mahboobeh Azmoon; Mohammad Kalantari Meibodi; Najaf Zare
Volume 1, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 69-75
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effects of triage education based on emergency severity index (ESI) on promoting the knowledge and performance of nurses and qualitative indices of emergency department.Methods: This study was a quasi-interventional study being performed in Vali Asr Hospital of Fasa University ...
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Objective: To determine the effects of triage education based on emergency severity index (ESI) on promoting the knowledge and performance of nurses and qualitative indices of emergency department.Methods: This study was a quasi-interventional study being performed in Vali Asr Hospital of Fasa University of Medical Sciences during 2012. For this purpose, 50 members of staff including nurses and technicians of emergency medicine in the Emergency department with the inclusion criteria for participation were selected. Data collection instruments included a questionnaire consisting of two parts, (personal characteristics, and knowledge) and the performance assessment checklist was prepared. Content validity was used to determine the validity. The test-retest method and quder-Richardson 20 were applied to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Interobserver reliability and the correlation between the two observers and imaging modalities were measured to determine the reliability of the performance checklist. The questionnaires and checklist were completed by the participants before, 2 days and 6 weeks after completion of the training. Workshop in two 9-hour sessions was provided which consisted of lectures, questions and answers.Results: The triage scores were 10.7±3.1, 17.8± 1.6 and 16.1±2.3 before, 2 days and 6 weeks after training, respectively. Triage performance score increased from 48.9 ± 9.9 before training to 59.8 ± 7.6, two days after training and to 59.7 ± 8.1 six weeks later (p=0.001). In addition to triage training of the nurses the emergency department qualitative indices were impressively upgraded. Other results showed that there was no significant correlation between individual characteristics and personal knowledge of triage score 6-week after training (r=0.018, p=0.126). However, significant positive correlation was found between nursing work experience, work experience in emergency ward and type of employment and performance scores 6 weeks after training (r=0.258, p=0.032).Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that triage education influences the practice and knowledge of nurses and improves the qualitative indices of emergency department. Therefore, it is recommended to include theoretical and practical training of triage for nurses in hospitals.
