Abolghasem Fallahzadeh Abarghuei; Mohammad Taghi Karimi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of various methods used for SCI subjects in this regard based on the available literature.Methods: A search was done in some data bases such as Google scholar, ISI web of knowledge, PubMed, and Scopus. Some keywords such as bowel, bladder control and management ...
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Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of various methods used for SCI subjects in this regard based on the available literature.Methods: A search was done in some data bases such as Google scholar, ISI web of knowledge, PubMed, and Scopus. Some keywords such as bowel, bladder control and management were used in combination with SCI. The studies’ quality was evaluated with Pedro scale.Results: From 100 articles found, 21 papers were selected based on abstracts and titles. The quality of the studies varied between 5 and 7 based on Pedro scale. There were 3 studies on abdominal muscles stimulation, 1 on stimulation of tibial nerve, 8 on stimulation of sacral nerve root, 2 on combination of stimulation and exercise, 4 on Brindley bladder control and 3 on sacralizotomy.Conclusion: The bowel and bladder management functions is not the main problem of SCI subjects anymore. Some advantages of the mentioned procedures used for SCI subjects are including improved quality of life, socialization, and decreased bladder infection.
Amir Azarhomayoun; Maryam Aghasi; Najmeh Mousavi; Farhad Shokraneh; Alexander R. Vaccaro; Arvin Haj Mirzaian; Pegah Derakhshan; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
Volume 6, Issue 3 , July 2018, , Pages 181-194
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the summation of mortality rate and the contributing factors in patients with traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries (TLSCI).Methods: A systematic search of observational studies that evaluated the mortality associated with TLSCI in MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted. The study ...
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Objective: To estimate the summation of mortality rate and the contributing factors in patients with traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries (TLSCI).Methods: A systematic search of observational studies that evaluated the mortality associated with TLSCI in MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted. The study quality was evaluated using a modified quality assessment tool previously designed for observational studies.Results: Twenty-four observational studies involving 11,205 patients were included, published between January 1, 1997, and February 6, 2016. Ten studies were of high quality, thirteen were of moderate quality, and one study was of low quality. Seventeen reports described risk factors for mortality and eleven of these studies used a multiple regression models to adjust for confounders.The reported mortality rate ranged from 0 to 37.7% overall and between 0 and 10.4% in-hospital. The sum of mortality for in-hospital, 6-month, and 12-month were 5.2%, 26.12%, 4.3%, respectively. The mortality at 7.7 years follow-up was 10.07% and for 14 years follow-up reports ranged from 13.47% to 21.46%. Associated data such as age at injury, male to female ratio, pre-existing comorbidities, concomitant injuries, duration of follow-up, and cause of death have been underreported in studies investigating the mortality rate after TLSCI.Conclusion: Currently no study has accurately assessed mortality in the thoracolumbar spine, while there is general agreement that traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries are important.
Mohamed H. Elshahidi; Nada Y. Monir; Mohamed A. Elzhery; Ahmed A. Sharaqi; Hames Haedaya; Basem I. Awad; Khaled Zaghloul
Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, , Pages 75-89
Abstract
Objective: To systematically search the literature and to summarize current evidence pertaining to the epidemiology of SCI in the MENA region incidence, gender, age, type of the injury and etiology of the injury.Methods: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost were systematically searched ...
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Objective: To systematically search the literature and to summarize current evidence pertaining to the epidemiology of SCI in the MENA region incidence, gender, age, type of the injury and etiology of the injury.Methods: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost were systematically searched from their dates of inception till July 2017 for English and non-English language articles. Also, regional databases were searched. Data were extracted from eligible articles and pooled under the random effect model using R. References of the included articles were also screened for potentially relevant studies.Results: We identified 29 articles from seven countries in the MENA region (Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait and Qatar). The mean age of the cases at time of injury was 31.32 (95% CI: 28.74-33.91). The random pooled annual incidence of TSCI per million was 23.24 (95% CI: 5.64-49.21). Pooled proportion of male gender was 77% (95% CI 73-80%) of the cases. Complete paraplegia was the most common type of injury. Thoracic level injury predominated. Also, the most commonly affected age group was 20-29 then 30-39. Motor vehicle accidents were found to be the leading cause of injury, then falls, gunshot, violence and sports. Further meta-regression analysis showed no association between age and etiology of the injury.Conclusion: This review shows lack of evidence about SCI in most countries of the MENA region. More epidemiological studies are needed.
Hamid Reza Kamravan; Ali Haghnegahdar; Shahram Paydar; Mohamad Khalife; Mahsa Sedighi; Fariborz Ghaffarpasand
Volume 2, Issue 1 , January 2014, , Pages 32-37
Abstract
Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients with cervical spine injury admitted to Rajaee hospital, Shiraz, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study includes all patients admitted with impression of cervical column injury with or without cervical cord injury from October 2009 ...
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Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients with cervical spine injury admitted to Rajaee hospital, Shiraz, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study includes all patients admitted with impression of cervical column injury with or without cervical cord injury from October 2009 to March 2012 to our level I trauma center in Shiraz. We recorded the patients’ characteristics including age, sex, marital status, mechanism of injury, level of injury, concomitant injury, treatment(non-operative or operative) and clinical outcome. The data were described and compared with the international literature.Results: Among 261 patients referred with impression of spinal cord injury, the diagnosis of spinal column injury (with or without spine cord injury) was confirmed in 206 patients. The mean age of patients was 37.2±15.9 years with Male/Female ratio of 3:1. Car turn-over and car-collisions were the leading causes of injury. The most common spine fracture was C6 vertebra involving 60 (29.1%) patients. Fracture of upper and lower extremities were the most concomitant fractures observed in 31(15.1%) patients. Open surgery was performed in 65(31.6%).Mortality rate was 7.3% (15 patients).Patients with brain, lung and cord injuries had increased risk of death, among 15 deaths,9 patients had brain injury, 5 individuals had lung injury and 10 patients suffered from cord injury.Conclusion: Cervical spine injuries mostly affect young males, and comprise 206 (10%) cases out of 2100 spine injuries in our country. Preventive measures should be taken to reduce cervical spine injuries especially in young age group.