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Lung Contusion: A Clinico-Pathological Entity with Unpredictable Clinical Course

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Soura, Kashmir, India.

Abstract

Lung contusion is an entity involving injury to the alveolar capillaries, without any tear or cut in the lung tissue. This results in accumulation of blood and other fluids within the lung tissue. The excess fluid interferes with gas exchange leading to hypoxia. The pathophysiology of lung contusion includes ventilation/perfusion mismatching, increased intrapulmonary shunting, increased lung water, segmental lung damage, and a loss of compliance. Clinically, patient’s presents with hypoxiemia, hypercarbia and increase in laboured breathing. Patients are treated with supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation whenever indicated. Treatment is primarily supportive. Computed tomography (CT) is very sensitive for diagnosing pulmonary contusion. Pulmonary contusion occurs in 25–35% of all blunt chest traumas.

Keywords

References
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Bulletin of Emergency And Trauma
Volume 1, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
1
January 2013
Pages 7-16
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