Behrouz Samei; Javad Babaie; Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi; Homayoun Sadeghi-bazargani; Saber Azami-Aghdash; Naser Derakhshani; Ramin Rezapour
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 109-118
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively determine the factors that affect the hospitals’ functionalpreparedness in response to disasters.Methods: A systematic review of studies published in English and Persian up to the end of 2022 was performedby searching PubMed Central, Web of Science, ...
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Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively determine the factors that affect the hospitals’ functionalpreparedness in response to disasters.Methods: A systematic review of studies published in English and Persian up to the end of 2022 was performedby searching PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, SID, and Elmnet databases. Articles thatassessed hospitals’ functional preparedness were searched by using a combination of medical subject headingterms and keywords including disaster, emergency, preparedness, hospital preparedness, health care facilitiespreparedness, hospital functional preparedness, health care facilities functional preparedness, readiness, andeffective factors. Additionally, journals and gray literature were manually searched. Two independent reviewersscreened the eligible papers. The inclusion criteria were the full text should be published up to the end of 2022,in both Persian and English, and focus on hospital preparedness. The extracted data were manually analyzed,summarized, and reported using the content analysis method.Results: Of the 3465 articles, 105 studies were eventually included in the final analysis. Eighty-two influentialfactors were identified and classified into seven categories: government, coordination, control, and commanding(7 factors), existing guidelines and preparedness plans (12 factors), regulations (6 factors), supplying of resources(37 factors), education and training (8 factors), multi-layered information management and communicationsystems (8 factors), and contextual factors (4 factors).Conclusion: There are different dimensions of hospital preparedness for disasters, each of which is influencedby several independent factors. Addressing these factors will enhance the actual functional preparedness ofhospitals encountering disasters.
Fatemeh Jahanjoo; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Seyyed Teymoor Hosseini; Mina Goletsani; Mahdi Rezaei; Kavous Shahsavari; Hamid Soori; Mohammad asghari Jafarabadi
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 125-131
Abstract
Objective: To determine the causal relationship between aging and nighttime driving and the odds of injuryamong elderly drivers.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 5460 car accidents were investigated from 2015 to 2016. The data wereextracted from the Iranian Integrated Road Traffic Injury Registry ...
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Objective: To determine the causal relationship between aging and nighttime driving and the odds of injuryamong elderly drivers.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 5460 car accidents were investigated from 2015 to 2016. The data wereextracted from the Iranian Integrated Road Traffic Injury Registry System. Pedestrian accidents, motorcyclecrashes, and fatalities were excluded from the study. To account for major confounders, Bayesian-LASSO, andtreatment-effect cutting-edge approaches were used.Results: Overall, 801 injuries (14.67%) were evaluated. The results of the univariable analysis indicated thataging and nighttime had adverse effects on the odds of road traffic injuries (RTIs), even after adjusting forthe effect of other variables, these effects remained statistically significant. According to a newly developedapproach, the overall effects of aging and nighttime were significantly and directly correlated with the odds ofbeing injured for older adults (both p<0.001). Our findings indicated that drivers over 75 years old experienced23% higher injury odds (OR=1.23, 95% CI:1.11 to 1.39; p<0.001), while driving at night increased the odds by1.78 times (OR=1.78, 95% CI:1.51 to 1.83; p<0.001).Conclusion: Aging and nighttime driving are significant risk factors for RTIs among elderly drivers. Thishighlights the importance of implementing targeted interventions to enhance road safety for this vulnerablepopulation. Furthermore, the use of advanced Bayesian-LASSO and treatment-effect statistical methodshighlights the importance of utilizing sophisticated methodologies in epidemiological research to effectivelycapture and adjust for potential confounding factors.
Yasaman Habibzadeh omran; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian; Golrokh Atighechian
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 51-68
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate previous studies on hazard perception among road users.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases and search engines includingScience Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Iranmedex, SID, Irandoc, and Google ...
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Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate previous studies on hazard perception among road users.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases and search engines includingScience Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Iranmedex, SID, Irandoc, and Google Scholar fromJanuary 2000 to September 2021. The search was performed using a combination of medical subject headingterms and keywords. Endnote software version 20.0 (Clarivate, Philadelphia, PA, USA) was used to organizethe included articles. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the findings. The entire review processwas conducted by two authors, and unresolved challenges were discussed with other researchers.Results: Findings of the study show that all of the tests could discriminate between inexperienced andexperienced drivers. The use of dynamic hazard perception tests was more common than static tests, and insome cases, simulators were used. Moreover, the results indicated a weak correlation between the results ofdynamic and static tests. Therefore, it could be claimed that both dynamic and static methods measured certaindimensions of hazard perception.Conclusion: Regarding the importance of hazard perception, the findings of this study can provide furtherprogress in designing hazard perception tests. The hazard perception tests can be sensitive to cultural or legaldifferences. It should also be noted that in developing tools for measuring drivers’ hazard perception, differentdimensions of hazard perception must be considered, so that the level of drivers’ hazard perception can bereported accurately.
Yasaman Habibzadeh omran; Mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the rate of driving hazard perception (HP), explicate the content of HP and determineits components.Methods: The present study is a systematic review and a meta-analysis which is carried out to gather data,to search Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, PROQUEST, web of knowledge databases, ...
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Objective: To estimate the rate of driving hazard perception (HP), explicate the content of HP and determineits components.Methods: The present study is a systematic review and a meta-analysis which is carried out to gather data,to search Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, PROQUEST, web of knowledge databases, Google scholar searchengine and also to search manually from January 2000 to September 2021 with using related keywords. EndNoteX20 software was used to manage and screening studies. Stata16 was used for meta-analysis. Thematic contentanalysis was used to analyze the findings. The entire review process was conducted by two authors, and disputeswere referred to a third person.Results: Out of the 1167 founded articles, 50 were finally included in the study. According to 10 importedpapers for meta-analysis includes 2770 sample size, general HP of drivers is estimated 3.33 [4.04-2.62 with CI95, I2=89.72]. Also, HP for experienced and beginner drivers is estimated 3.26 [2.23-4.26 with CI 95, I2=89.47]and 3.42 [2.41-4.43 with CI 95, I2=89.68], respectively. Also, in the data meta-synthesis, 28 definitions of HPand 6 main components are identified to evaluate HP using thematic content analysis.Conclusion: In this study, obtained results show that all people need constant and gradual training at all levels.A factor that can be effective to improve drivers’ HP is to make drivers to take training courses and to passstandard tests at the time of obtaining driving license.
Leili Abedi Gheshlaghi; Hamid sharifi; Mehdi Noroozi; Mohsen Barouni; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani
Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2021, , Pages 169-177
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the quality of life (QOL) of injured motorcyclists and associated factors in a period of three months after the accident. Methods: In the present study, we were included 190 injured motorcyclists who admitted to two referral specialized hospitals (Emam Reza and Shohada) in Tabriz, ...
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Objective: To investigate the quality of life (QOL) of injured motorcyclists and associated factors in a period of three months after the accident. Methods: In the present study, we were included 190 injured motorcyclists who admitted to two referral specialized hospitals (Emam Reza and Shohada) in Tabriz, between June 2018 and January 2019. All injured motorcyclists were contacted through the telephone one and 171 of them (90%) three months after their accident to complete an EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. The baseline measurements were gathered by using face to face interviews in the hospitals. The QOL score could vary between 1 and 3. The higher score showed a lower QOL. Results: The injured motorcyclist’s QOL score was relatively better in three months after the accident (mean±Standard Deviation (SD): 1.78±0.51) in comparison with their status a month after the accident (2.15±0.65) (p <0.001). The multivariable model showed that individuals with pelvis injuries (Coef: 0.29, (95% CI: 0.16, 0.42), p=0.001) and knee injuries (Coef: 0.26, (95% CI: 0.10, 0.42), p=0.001), experienced a higher QOL score. Also, those whose accident had happened in rainy weather experienced higher QOL score (Coef: 0.33, (95% CI: 0.12, 0.53), p=0.001). The patients who were in an accident with a vehicle were experienced a better QOL than others (Coef: -0.26, (95% CI: -0.43, -0.09), p=0.002). Conclusion: The assessment of three-months post-accident showed that the QOL score of the motorcyclists was reduced. It is recommended that the QOL of patients should be improved in hospital discharge victims.
Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Morteza Haghighi; Seyed Taghi Heydari; Hamid Soori; Forouzan Rezapour; Seyed Abbas Motevalian; Reza Tabrizi; Minoo Mohammadkhani
Volume 8, Issue 4 , October 2020, , Pages 229-235
Abstract
Objective: Pedestrians are road users vulnerable to traffic injuries and fatalities. This study aimed to develop and validate a pedestrian behavior questionnaire to be used in Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the initial questionnaire was designed based on the evaluation of previous ...
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Objective: Pedestrians are road users vulnerable to traffic injuries and fatalities. This study aimed to develop and validate a pedestrian behavior questionnaire to be used in Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the initial questionnaire was designed based on the evaluation of previous studies conducted world-wide or in Iran. The initial pack included 127 items. After the assuring the face validity of the questionnaire, 27 experts’ opinions in the field of traffic was obtained for assessing/improving the content validity. To test the reliability of the questionnaire, the test-retest method and internal consistency assessment were used. To evaluate the structural validity, the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using the principal component and the Varimax rotation was applied.Results: After completing the face validity and after summarizing the experts’ suggestions, 12 questions were deleted. By calculating the content validity ratio and coefficient, 20 and 17 were removed. Also, the average content validity coefficient regarding relevancy, clarity and overall average were 0.86, 0.88, and 0.87, respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.84. In the last stage and according to the results of the factor analysis, five factors violations, distraction, positive behaviors (group1), positive behaviors (group2) and Aggressive behaviors) were identified from the 29-items questionnaire, which explained 98% of the total variance.Conclusion: Considering the necessity of using a verified and validated tool for planning and evaluating effective interventions for pedestrians is inevitable. The tool designed in the study was found to be valid and reliable for use to measure pedestrian’s behavior and planning to modify high-risk behaviors and enhance safe pedestrian behaviors.
Ali Akbary; Seyed Taghi Heydari; Yaser Sarikhani; Mehrdad Vossoughi; Reza Tabrizi; Maryam Akbari; Najmeh Movahhedian; Arash Mani; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Tahereh Ostovar; Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Volume 8, Issue 3 , July 2020, , Pages 163-168
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) score and driving behaviors among motorcycle drivers in Iran. Methods: This multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 1747 motorcyclists in three cities of Iran. We used a random sampling method ...
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Objective: To investigate the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) score and driving behaviors among motorcycle drivers in Iran. Methods: This multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 1747 motorcyclists in three cities of Iran. We used a random sampling method in this study and gathered data using two standard questionnaires. Data were presented using descriptive statistics, also t-test, and ANOVA used for analysis. Results: The mean age of participants was 27.41±8.80 years. ADHD scores of the participants ranged from 0 to 87, with a mean score 31±15.86. All risky driving behaviors (RDBs) were significantly associated with a higher mean of ADHD score. For example, driving with illegal speed (p<0.001), not wearing a crash helmet (p=0.016), driving while exhausting (p<0.001), talking with other passengers (p<0.001), being fined by the police in the past year (p=0.028), and maneuvering while driving (p<0.001) were related to a higher mean of ADHD score. Conclusion: All RDBs were significantly associated with the ADHD score among motorcyclists in Iran. In this regard, health care providers should inform people with ADHD about the negative consequences associated with driving and ADHD. Public health policymakers should consider management of ADHD through a comprehensive approach to improve driving performance and competencies among motorcyclists in order to decrease RDBs and traffic accidents.
Mahdi Moshki; Abdoljavad Khajavi; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Shahram Vahedi; Saeid Pour-Doulati
Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, , Pages 98-106
Abstract
Objective: To develop a self-completion pedestrians’ red-light violation behavior questionnaire (PRVBQ) based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and assess the content validity and reliability. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases of (i) PRVBQ development study; (ii) Content validity ...
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Objective: To develop a self-completion pedestrians’ red-light violation behavior questionnaire (PRVBQ) based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and assess the content validity and reliability. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases of (i) PRVBQ development study; (ii) Content validity study including face validity; and (iii) Reliability assessment. The directed content analysis method was used for the analysis of the qualitative interviews. The item impact score was used for face validity. Content validity index (CVI) in the item level and average scale level, and content validity ratio (CVR) were determined. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and Cronbach’s alpha was assessed for test-retest reliability and internal consistency respectively. Results: Draft questionnaire including 86 items was constructed. Sixteen items were eliminated due to low face and content validity, remaining 70 items in total. The PRVBQ was rated as having good content validity (individual items CVI ranged from .80 to 1, and overall PRVBQ CVI-Average=0.95, p=0.05). The direct measures (reflective indicators) showed excellent internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha=0.9. All items showed excellent agreement. Conclusion: This study using a comprehensive process of development and assessment of content validity and reliability developed a content valid and reliable questionnaire predicting pedestrians’ red light violation behavior.
Saber Azami-Aghdash; Hassan Abolghasem Gorji; Naser Derakhshani; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2019, , Pages 390-398
Abstract
Objective: To identify the barriers to and facilitators of the prevention of road traffic accidents (RTIs) in Iran. Methods: In this qualitative study 42 key stakeholders and experts in the field of traffic injuries in Iran were selected based on purpose and theoretical sampling to reach informational ...
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Objective: To identify the barriers to and facilitators of the prevention of road traffic accidents (RTIs) in Iran. Methods: In this qualitative study 42 key stakeholders and experts in the field of traffic injuries in Iran were selected based on purpose and theoretical sampling to reach informational saturation. Their views concerning barriers to and facilitators of the prevention of traffic injuries in Iran were studied using semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using Content Analysis method. Results: Five themes were identified: structural barriers, organizational barriers and planning, socio-cultural barriers, scientific barriers, and inter-sector barriers and 22 sub-themes were extracted. The lack of lead agency, which was among structural barriers, was selected as the main barrier. The five general facilitators included: sensitization of society and authorities, improving the resources and infrastructure (software and hardware), increasing the attention to safety of vehicles and roads, increasing the information and awareness, and use of expert manpower. The sensitization of society and authorities was selected as the most important facilitator. Conclusion: According to the key experts, the barriers of policy changes to prevent the RTIs are more numerous than its facilitators. Therefore, planning and paying more attention to removing these barriers and promoting the facilitators seems necessary to reduce RTIs. Having a lead agency in this regard should be the highest priority.
Mehrdad Amir Behghadami; Ali Janati; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Masoumeh Gholizadeh; Farzad Rahmani; Morteza Arab-Zozani
Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2019, , Pages 201-211
Abstract
Objectives: To identify prevalent domains related to the concept of assessing preparedness of non-hospital centers to provide primary emergency care in order to develop a comprehensive framework.Methods: Five databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, Barakat Knowledge Network Systems (BKNS) ...
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Objectives: To identify prevalent domains related to the concept of assessing preparedness of non-hospital centers to provide primary emergency care in order to develop a comprehensive framework.Methods: Five databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, Barakat Knowledge Network Systems (BKNS) and Scientific Information Database (SID) were searched in English and/or Persian languages with no time limit until March, 2018. Manual search and grey literature were also done. According to the eligibility criteria, all the studies were independently tracked by two researchers. Studies were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The findings were synthesized through directed content analysis method.Results: Out of 3014 studies, 15 studies were included for data synthesis. The synthesis of literature resulted in the emergence of 13 domains and 25 sub-domains. Then, they were categorized based on Donabedian’s triple model and a conceptual framework was developed. In this framework, 6 domains were put in input, 6 in processes, and 1 domain in outcome. Of the 15 included studies, 1 study considered 10 domains and 14 other studies considered 4 to 8 domains out of 13 synthesized domains. The most prevalent synthesized domains were “medical supplies and equipment” and “human resources”, which were considered in 15 studies.Conclusion: In this study, a conceptual framework was constructed that identifies elements that significantly affect the preparedness of these centers. This framework may assist managers to take a comprehensive approach to assess these centers.
Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Bahram Samadirad; Nasrin Shahedifar; Mina Golestani
Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2018, , Pages 146-154
Abstract
Objective: To study the epidemiology of car user road traffic fatalities (CURTFs) during eight years, in East Azerbaijan, Iran.Methods: A total of 3051 CURTFs registered in East Azerbaijan forensic medicine organization database, Iran, during 2006-2014, were analyzed using Stata 13 statistical software ...
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Objective: To study the epidemiology of car user road traffic fatalities (CURTFs) during eight years, in East Azerbaijan, Iran.Methods: A total of 3051 CURTFs registered in East Azerbaijan forensic medicine organization database, Iran, during 2006-2014, were analyzed using Stata 13 statistical software package. Descriptive statistics (p<0.05) and inferential statistical methods such as Chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression with p<0.1 were applied. Results: Of the 7818 road traffic injury (RTI) deaths, 3051 (39%) were car users of whom 71% were male (mean age of 36.7±18.5 years). The majority of accident mechanisms were vehicle-vehicle crashes (63.95%), followed by rollover (26.24%). Crash causing vehicle fall increased the pre-hospital death likelihood by 2.34 times. The prominent trauma causing death was head trauma (in 62.5%). In assessing the role of type of counterpart vehicle on pre-hospital mortality, considering the other cars to be the reference group for comparison, deceased victims were 1.83 times more likely to die before hospital when the counterpart vehicle was a truck and 1.66 times more for buses.Conclusion: Decreasing the car users’ fatalities using appropriate strategies such as separating the roads for heavy and light vehicles and improving the injury related facilitation may be effective. Male drivers with low education could be prioritized for being trained.
Robab Mehdizadeh Esfanjani; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Mina Goletsani; Reza Mohammadi
Volume 5, Issue 4 , October 2017, , Pages 280-284
Abstract
Objective: To investigate epidemiological aspects of injuries among Iranian children under 7 years of age using obtained data from a national registry.Methods: Injury data were derived from a national-based injury supervision system during 2000–2002. This registry involved all of home-related injuries ...
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Objective: To investigate epidemiological aspects of injuries among Iranian children under 7 years of age using obtained data from a national registry.Methods: Injury data were derived from a national-based injury supervision system during 2000–2002. This registry involved all of home-related injuries for children less than 7 years of age that treated in health or emergency centers. The study population included 25% of Iranian people. The descriptive statistical methods were used for representing the distribution of the variables like age, sex, injury mechanisms, types of injuries, etc. Data were presented as mean ± SD and proportions as appropriate.Results: Of the total 307,064 domestic injuries registered during 2000–2002, 77,500 cases (25.2%) were children. 70% of these children (54581 cases) were in age group of 1-5 years.The large fraction (58.8%) of injuries among children under 7 years of age went back to burn injuries. Cuts and lacerations were at the second level with 17.4%. 51% of injuries had contact with hot liquids. Of all children under 7 years of age injuries, 282 died, 86 were disabled, while the rest improved or being under treatment when recording data.Conclusion: Injuries, particularly burns (especially those who had contact with hot liquids that led into scald), are major public health problem that children under 7 years of age encounter. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide adequate plans to promote children under 7 years of age safety issues.
Nasrin Mehri; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Abdolrasoul Safaiean
Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 42-46
Abstract
Objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hand and finger amputations in patients referring to a single center in northern Iran.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 200 traumatic hand amputees hospitalized in Shohada Hospital in Tabriz, Northwestern ...
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Objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hand and finger amputations in patients referring to a single center in northern Iran.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 200 traumatic hand amputees hospitalized in Shohada Hospital in Tabriz, Northwestern Iran during a 1-year period in 2014. Data were collected through prospective interviews for variables such as demographic characteristics, accident time; exact anatomical site of amputation; reasons for amputation; amputation mechanism; and having attention deficit symptoms as well as activities causing attention deficit prior to the accident.Results: The vast majority of cases were men and women accounted for only 7.5% of injured cases. In 60.5% of cases, the accident occurred on the fingers of their active hand and fingers accounted for almost 95% of accidents. 85.8% of accidents occurred at work. 63.7% of accidents occurred in the evening. 63.67% of accidents occurred in the evening. Among hazardous occupations, agricultural occupations ranked the first followed by sugar cut and pressing jobs. It was found that 10% of the victims were injured while responding a mobile phone call and 3% of the victims reported that they were listening to music through headphones before the accident. Five percent of the participants reported a quarrel with a colleague and 11.5 % of them reported a quarrel with their employer prior to the accident.Conclusion: Amputations are of much importance in men working in given jobs such as agricultural and pressing. Distraction caused by mobiles, music and personal relations with others is considered of importance to be prevented during job. Risk levels for potential risk indicators need to be assessed through controlled studies.
Fatemeh Ranjbar; Fariborz Akbarzadeh; Babak Kazemi; Abdolmohammad Ranjbar; Sonia Sharifi Namin; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani
Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, , Pages 202-210
Abstract
Objective: To determine the type and pattern of arrhythmic events following the 2012 Ahar-Varzegan Earthquake among patients implanted with cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) in East Azarbaijan province.Methods: In a prospective cohort study, conducted in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran, 132 patients were ...
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Objective: To determine the type and pattern of arrhythmic events following the 2012 Ahar-Varzegan Earthquake among patients implanted with cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) in East Azarbaijan province.Methods: In a prospective cohort study, conducted in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran, 132 patients were enrolled in two comparison groups according to the region of residence i.e., earthquake region (n= 98) and non-earthquake (n= 34) region in 2012. Data were collected for those meeting standard criteria for sustained ventricular arrhythmias (VAs), or supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) and triggered ICD therapies, either shock or anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP). The state version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) was used to assess general symptoms of anxiety in both groups.Results: Males comprised 81.1% of the participants. Mean age of the participants was 59.7 ±15 years. The frequency of patients with sustained VAs increased significantly after the earthquake (p=0.008). There were more VAs (mean 2.16 vs. 6.23; p=0.008) and they occurred earlier (6th vs. 16th day; p= 0.01) in the earthquake area. The mean frequency of SVTs and the total number of delivered ICD therapies were similar between groups. Differences in anxiety levels were not significant between groups but there was a trend for presence of greater number of patients with anxiety (p=0.07) and the relative severity of anxiety (p=0.08) in the earthquake area.Conclusion: In the earthquake area, the mean frequency of VAs increased and they occurred earlier in the earthquake area. The stress of anxiety might have served as a trigger for these events.
Saber Ghaffari-fam; Ehsan Sarbazi; Amin Daemi; Mohamadreza Sarbazi; Lachin Riyazi; Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani; Ali Allahyari
Volume 3, Issue 3 , July 2015, , Pages 104-110
Abstract
Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of fall injuries in East Azerbaijan, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on Hospital Information System (HIS) data for patients referred to the Imam Reza Hospital between 2008 and 2013. We recorded the demographic ...
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Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of fall injuries in East Azerbaijan, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on Hospital Information System (HIS) data for patients referred to the Imam Reza Hospital between 2008 and 2013. We recorded the demographic characteristics and epidemiological patterns of patients who were admitted to our center due to fall injuries. To standardize the reports the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), the International Classification of Diseases 9 Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM)was used. Equally, the hospitalization period and number, admission ward, and the final status of victims after discharge from the hospital were extracted from the HIS.Results: Overall we included a total number of 3397 patients with mean age of 39.2±22.7 years. There were 2501 (73.6%) men among the patients. Long bone fracture (48.1%) and intracranial injury (24.2%) were the most frequent injuries among fall injury victims. Operations on spinal cord and spinal canal structures (12.0%), Operations on nose (11.6%) were the most common operations being performed in these patients. The survival was significantly lower in patients with age more than 60 years when compared to other age groups (p=0.001).The survival rate was significantly lower in age group of >60 years, compared to other age groups (p=0.001).Conclusion: Given the high rate of fall injuries and death among the elderly that increases with age, appropriate measures must be taken to control and prevent injuries while prioritizing the elderly.